Full Text
REGD. No. D. L.-33004/99
The Gazette of India
CG-DL-E-17022025-261086
xxxGIDEXXX
EXTRAORDINARY
PART I—Section 1
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY
No. 51] NEW DELHI, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2025/MAGHA 23, 1946
MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION
NOTIFICATION
New Delhi, the 12th February, 2025
RULES
No. 11013/02/2024-ISS.—The rules for the competitive examination to be held by the Union Public Service
Commission in 2025 for the purpose of filling vacancies in Junior Time Scale (JTS) of the following services are
published with the concurrence of the Ministry of Finance, Department of Economic Affairs for general information.
All candidates (male/ female/transgender) are requested to carefully read these Rules and the examination notice of
the UPSC derived from these Rules.
(i) The Indian Economic Service; and
(ii) The Indian Statistical Service.
2. The number of vacancies to be filled through the examination will be specified in the Notice issued by the
Commission. Reservation will be made for candidates belonging to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other
Backward Classes, Economically Weaker Sections (EWSs) and Persons with Benchmark Disabilities categories in
respect of vacancies as may be fixed by the Government of India.
3. The examination will be conducted by the Union Public Service Commission in the manner prescribed in
Appendix-I to these rules. The dates on which and the places at which the examination will be held shall be fixed by
the Commission.
4. A candidate may compete for any one of the Services only viz. the Indian Economic Service or the Indian
Statistical Service, for which he/she is eligible in terms of the Rules.
Registration and Online Application Form
4.1 (1) A candidate who is willing to apply for Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination
shall be required to apply on-line and submit the requisite information and supporting documents towards various
claims, such as date of birth, category [viz. SC/ST/OBC/ EWS/PwBD/Ex-Servicemen], educational qualification
etc. as may be sought by the Commission alongwith the Online Application Form. For detailed instructions for
filling up the form, the Notice for Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2025 may be
referred to. The failure to provide the required information/documents alongwith the Registration and Online
Application Form will entail cancellation of candidature for the examination.
(2) The Commission shall provide a window of 15 (Fifteen) days from the date of declaration of result of written
part of Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination to the candidates qualified for Personality
Test/Interview. The candidates as per Note I below Rule 7 shall be required to update their details/educational
qualification status (whether appearing/appeared) and to produce/upload the proof of passing of the requisite
qualifying examination at the specified module/portal, failing which such candidates will not be allowed to appear
in the Personality Test/Interview and his/her candidature will be liable to be cancelled.
Note: In this period, all the candidates qualified for Personality Test shall also be provided an option to update
Correspondence/ Permanent Postal Address, Higher Educational Qualification, Achievement in different fields (if
any), Employment Details/Service Experience, details of the Service allocated on the basis of earlier/previous
Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination (if any). The details updated in this window will
be treated as final and no request for any change in these fields received through any other mode will be
entertained.
5. A candidate must be either:-
(a) a citizen of India; or
(b) a subject of Nepal; or
(c) a subject of Bhutan; or
(d) a Tibetan refugee who came over to India, before the 1st January, 1962, with the intention of
permanently settling in India; or
(e) a person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka, East African countries of
Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire and Ethiopia or Vietnam with
the intention of permanently settling in India :
Provided that a candidate belonging to categories (b), (c), (d) & (e) above shall be person in whose
favour a certificate of eligibility has been issued by the Government of India.
A candidate in whose case a certificate of eligibility is necessary may be admitted to the examination but the
offer of appointment may be given only after the necessary eligibility certificate has been issued to him/her by the
Government of India.
6. (a) A candidate for admission to this examination must have attained the age of 21 years and must not have
attained the age of 30 years on 1st August, 2025 i.e. he/she must have been born not earlier than 2nd August, 1995
and not later than 1st August, 2004.
(b) The upper age-limit prescribed above will be relaxable :-
(i) up to a maximum of five years if a candidate belong to a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe;
(ii) up to a maximum of three years in the case of candidate belonging to Other Backward Classes who are
eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates;
(iii) up to a maximum of three years in the case of Defence Services Personnel disabled in operations during
hostilities with any foreign country or in a disturbed area, and released as a consequence thereof;
(iv) up to a maximum of five years in the case of ex-servicemen including Commissioned Officers and
ECOS/SSCOs who have rendered at least five years Military Service as on 1st August, 2025 and have
been released: (i) on completion of assignment (including those whose assignment is due to be
completed within one year from 1st August, 2025 otherwise than by way of dismissal or discharge on
account or misconduct or inefficiency; or (ii) on account of Physical disability attributable to Military
Service; or (iii) on invalidment;
(v) up to a maximum of five years in the case of ECOs/SSCOs who have completed an initial period of
assignment of five years of Military Service as on 1st August, 2025 and whose assignment has been
extended beyond five years and in whose case the Ministry of Defence issues a certificate that they can
apply for Civil employment and that they will be released on three months' notice on selection from the
date of receipt of offer of appointment;
(vi) up to a maximum of 10 years in the case of Persons with Benchmark Disabilities viz. (a) blindness and
low vision; (b) deaf and hard of hearing; (c) locomotor disability including cerebral palsy, leprosy cured,
dwarfism, acid attack victims and muscular dystrophy; (d) autism, intellectual disability, specific learning
disability and mental illness; (e) multiple disabilities from amongst person under clauses (a) to (d)
including deaf-blindness.
NOTE 1.- Candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes who
are also covered under any Other clauses of rule 6(b) above, viz., those coming under the category of Ex-
servicemen and Persons with Benchmark Disabilities will be eligible for grant of cumulative age
relaxation under both the categories.
NOTE 2.- The term ex-servicemen will apply to the persons who are defined as Ex-servicemen in the Ex-
servicemen (Re-employment in Civil Services and Posts) Rules, 1979, as amended from time to time.
NOTE 3.-The age concession under Rule 6(b)(iv) and (v) will be admissible to Ex-servicemen i.e. a person who has
served in any rank whether as combatant or non-combatant in the Regular Army, Navy and Air Force of
the Indian Union and who either has been retired or relieved or discharged from such service whether at
his own request or being relieved by the employer after earning his or her pension.
NOTE 4.-Notwithstanding the provisions of age relaxation under Rule 6(b)(vi) above, a person with Benchmark
Disabilities will be considered to be eligible for appointment only if he/she (after such physical
examination as the Government or appointing authority as the case may be, may prescribe) is found to
satisfy the requirement of physical and medical standard for the concerned Services/Posts to be allocated
to the persons with Benchmark Disabilities by the Government.
SAVE AS PROVIDED ABOVE THE AGE LIMITS PRESCRIBED CAN IN NO CASE BE RELAXED
The date of birth, accepted by the Commission is that entered in the Matriculation or Secondary School Leaving
Certificate or in a certificate recognised by an Indian University as equivalent to Matriculation or in an extract from a
Register of Matriculates maintained by a University, which extract must be certified by the proper authority of the
University or in the Higher Secondary or an equivalent examination certificate.
No other document relating to age like horoscopes, affidavits, birth extracts from Municipal Corporation,
Service Records and the like will be accepted.
The expression Matriculation/Higher Secondary Examination Certificate in this part of the instruction includes
the alternative certificates mentioned above.
NOTE-1: Candidate should note that only the date of birth as recorded in the Matriculation/Secondary Examination
Certificate or an equivalent certificate on the date of submission of application will be accepted by the
Commission, and no subsequent request for its change will be considered or granted.
NOTE 2: Candidates should also note that once date of birth has been submitted by them in the Registration and
Online Application Form and entered in the records of the Commission for the purpose of admission to
an Examination, no change will be allowed subsequently (or at any other Examination of the
Commission) on any grounds whatsoever.
7(a) A candidate for the Indian Economic Service must have obtained a Post-Graduate Degree in Economics/Applied
Economics/Business Economics/Econometrics from a University incorporated by of an Act of the Central or State
Legislature in India or other Educational Institutes established by an Act Parliament or declared to be deemed as
University under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 or a Foreign University approved by the
Central Government from time to time.
(b) A candidate for the Indian Statistical Service must have obtained a Bachelor's Degree with
Statistics/Mathematical Statistics/Applied Statistics as one of the subject or a Master's degree in
Statistics/Mathematical Statistics/Applied Statistics from a University incorporated by an Act of the Central or State
Legislature in India or other Educational Institutes established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as
University under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 or a Foreign University approved by the
Central Government from time to time.
NOTE 1:Candidates who have appeared at an examination the passing of which would render them educationally
qualified for the Commission's examination but have not been informed of the results as also the
candidates who intend to appear at such a qualifying examination will also be eligible for admission to the
Examination. However, all such candidates, who are declared qualified by the Commission for
Interview/Personality Test, will be required to produce proof of passing of the requisite qualifying
examination within the time limit prescribed in Rule 4.1.
NOTE 2 -In exceptional cases, the Union Public Service Commission may treat a candidate, who has none of the
foregoing qualification, as a qualified candidate provided that he/she has passed examinations conducted
by other institutions the Standard of which in the opinion of the Commission, justifies his/her admission
to the examination.
NOTE 3 -A candidate who is otherwise qualified but who has taken a degree from a Foreign University which is not
recognised by the Government may also apply to the Commission and may be admitted to the
examination at the discretion of the Commission.
NOTE 4 -For Indian Statistical Service Examination, the study of Statistics as a component of a multidisciplinary
course for one or two semesters should not be considered as eligibility for admission to the Indian
Statistical Service Examination in terms of the existing educational qualification prescribed for the
Examination. The study of Statistics should be in all the years of Bachelor Degree Course.
8. Candidates must pay the fee prescribed in the Commission's Notice.
9. All candidates in Government service, whether in a permanent or in temporary capacity or as work-charged
employees, other than casual or daily-rated employees or those serving under Public Enterprises will be required to
submit an undertaking that they have informed in writing their Head of Office/Department that they have applied for
the Examination.
Candidates should note that in case a communication is received from their employers by the Commission
withholding permission to the candidates applying for/appearing at the examination, their application will be liable to
be rejected/candidature will be liable to be cancelled.
10. The decision of the commission with regard to the acceptance of the application of a candidate and his/her
eligibility or otherwise for admission to the examination shall be final.
The candidates applying for the examination should ensure that they fulfill all the eligibility conditions for,
admission to the Examination. Their admission at all the stages of examination for which they are admitted by the
Commission viz. Written Examination and Interview Test, will be purely provisional, subject to their satisfying the
prescribed eligibility conditions. If on Verification, at any time, before or after the Written Examination or Interview
Test, it is found that they do not fulfill any of the eligibility conditions their candidature for the examination will be
cancelled by the Commission.
11. No candidate will be admitted to the examination unless he/she holds a certificate of admission from the
Commission. The candidates will not be allowed to withdraw their applications after the submission of the same.
12(1) A candidate who is or has been declared by the Commission to be guilty of :-
(a) Obtaining support for candidature by the following means, namely :-
(i) offering illegal gratification to; or
(ii) applying pressure on; or
(iii) blackmailing, or threatening to blackmail any person connected with the conduct of the
examination; or
(b) impersonation; or
(c) procuring impersonation by any person; or
(d) submitting fabricated/incorrect documents or documents which have been tampered with; or
(e) uploading irrelevant or incorrect photo/signature in the application form in place of actual photo/signature;
or
(f) making statements which are incorrect or false or suppressing material information; or
(g) resorting to the following means in connection with the candidature for the examination, namely :-
(i) obtaining copy of question paper through improper means; or
(ii) finding out the particulars of the persons connected with secret work relating to the examination; or
(iii) influencing the examiners; or
(h) being in possession of or using unfair means during the examination; or
(i) writing obscene matter or drawing obscene sketches or irrelevant matter in the scripts; or
(j) misbehaving in the examination hall including tearing of the scripts, provoking fellow examinees to
boycott examination, creating a disorderly scene and the like; or
(k) harassing, threatening or doing bodily harm to the staff employed by the Commission for the conduct of
the examination; or
(1) being in possession of or using any mobile phone, (even in switched-off mode), pager or any electronic
equipment or programmable device or storage media like pen drive, smart watches etc. or camera or
bluetooth devices or any other equipment or related accessories (either in working or switched-off mode)
capable of being used as a communication device during the examination; or
(m) violating any of the instructions issued to candidates along with their admission certificates permitting
them to take the examination; or
(n) attempting to commit or, as the case may be, abetting the commission of all or any of the acts specified in
the foregoing clauses;
to being liable to criminal prosecution, shall be disqualified by the Commission from the Examination held
under these Rules; and/or shall be liable to be debarred either permanently or for a specified period :-
(i) by the Commission, from any examination or selection held by them;
(ii) by the Central Government from any employment under them;
and shall be liable to face disciplinary action under the appropriate rules if already in service under Government;
Provided that no penalty under this rule shall be imposed except after :-
(i) giving the candidate an opportunity of making such representation in writing as the candidate may
wish to make in that behalf; and
(ii) taking the representation, if any, submitted by the candidate within the period allowed for this
purpose, into consideration.
(2) Any person who is found by the Commission to be guilty of colluding with a candidate(s) in committing or
abetting the commission of any of the misdeeds listed at the clauses (a) to (m) above will be liable to action in terms
of the clause (n) above.
13. Candidates who obtain such minimum qualifying marks in the written examination for each service as may
be fixed by the Commission in their discretion shall be summoned by them for viva voce.
Provided that candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes, or the Other Backward
Classes or the Economically Weaker Sections (EWSs) or the Persons with Benchmark Disability may be summoned
for viva voce by the Commission by applying relaxed standards if the Commission is of the opinion that sufficient
number of candidates from these communities are not likely to be summoned for viva voce on the basis of the general
standard in order to fill up the vacancies reserved for them.
14. (i) After the interview, the candidates for each Service will be arranged by the Commission in order of merit as
disclosed by the aggregate marks finally awarded to each candidate in the written examination as well as
interview and in that order, so many candidates as are found by the Commission to be qualified at the
examination shall be recommended for appointment up to the number of unreserved vacancies decided to be
filled on the results of the examination.
(ii) Candidates belonging to any of the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes or the Other Backward Classes
or the Economically Weaker Sections (EWSs) or the Persons with Benchmark Disability may, to the extent of
the number of vacancies reserved for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, the Other Backward Classes,
the Economically Weaker Sections (EWSs) and the Persons with Benchmark Disability be recommended by the
Commission by a relaxed standard subject to the fitness of these candidates for appointment to the service(s) :
Provided that the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward
Classes, the Economically Weaker Section and Persons with Benchmark Disability who have been
recommended by the Commission without resorting to any relaxations/concessions in the eligibility or selection
criteria, at any stage of the examination, shall not be adjusted against the vacancies reserved for the Scheduled
Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, the Other Backward Classes, the Economically Weaker Section and Persons with
Benchmark Disability but shall be recommended by the Commission against the unreserved vacancies.
Note : The facility of scribe, along with compensatory time which is available for eligible candidates belonging to
Persons with Benchmark Disability category and the disability of such candidates, which he/she is suffering
from in respect of Medical fitness, shall not be treated as relaxations/concession.
15. The prescribed qualifying standard will be relaxable at the discretion of the Commission at all the stages of
examination in favour of persons with Benchmark Disabilities in order to fill up the vacancies reserved for them.
16. The form and manner of communication of the result of the examination to individual candidates shall be
decided by the Commission at their discretion and the Commission will not enter into correspondence with them
regarding the result.
17. Success in the examination confers no right to allocation & appointment unless Government is satisfied after
such enquiry as may be considered necessary that the candidate, having regard to his/her character and antecedents
and certificates produced by him/her during the course of examination for the purpose of eligibility as well as claiming
any kind of benefit for reservation is suitable in all respects including medical examination for allocation/appointment
to the Service. The decision of the Government in this regard shall be final.
18. A candidate must be in good mental and bodily health and free from any physical defect likely to interfere with
the discharge of his/her duties as an officer of the service. A candidate who after such medical examination as
Government or the appointing authority, as the case may be may prescribed, is found not to satisfy these requirements,
will not be appointed. Any candidate called for the Personality Test by the Commission may be required to undergo
Part I of the medical examination and the candidates who are declared finally successful on the basis of this
examination, may be required to undergo Part II of the medical examination. The details of Parts I and II of the
medical examination are given in the Appendix III to these Rules. No fee shall be payable to the Medical Board by the
candidate for the medical examination except in the case of appeal.
Note. In order to prevent disappointment, candidates are advised to have themselves examined by a
Government Medical Officer of the standing of a Civil Surgeon before applying for admission to the
examination. Particulars of the nature of medical test to which candidates will be subjected before
appointment and of the standards required are given in Appendix III to these Rules. For the disabled Ex-
Defence Service personnel the standards will be relaxed consistent with the requirements of the Services.
19. The eligibility for availing reservation against the vacancies reserved for the persons with benchmark disability
shall be the same as prescribed in "The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016": The candidates of Multiple
Disabilities will be eligible for reservation under category (e) Multiple Disabilities only of Section 34(1) of RPwD
Act, 2016 and shall not be eligible for reservation under any other categories of disabilities i.e. (a) to (d) of Section
34(1) of RPwD Act, 2016 on account of having 40% and above impairment in any of these categories of PwBD.
Provided further that the persons with benchmark disability shall also be required to meet special eligibility
criteria in terms of physical requirements/functional classification (abilities/disabilities) consistent with requirements
of the identified service/ post as may be prescribed by its cadre controlling authority as per Appendix IV.
20. A candidate will be eligible to get the benefit of community reservation only in case the particular caste to
which the candidates belong is included in the list of reserved communities issued by the Central Government. The
candidates will be eligible to get the benefit of the Economically Weaker Section reservation only in case the
candidate meets the criteria issued by the Central Government and in possession of such eligibility certification.
The OBC candidates applying for Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2025
must produce OBC (Non-Creamy Layer) certificate based on the income for the Financial Year (FY) 2023-24, 2022-
23 and 2021-22 and issued on/after 01.04.2024 (after completion of FY 2023-24) but not later than the closing date
of the application for Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2025.
If a candidate indicates in his/her application form for Indian Economic Service/ Indian Statistical Service
Examination, that he/she belongs to Unreserved category but subsequently writes to the Commission to change his/her
category to a reserved one, such request shall not be entertained by the Commission. Further, once a candidate has
chosen a reserved category, no request shall be entertained for change to other reserved category viz. SC to ST, ST to
SC, OBC to SC/ST or SC/ST to OBC, SC to EWS, EWS to SC, ST to EWS, EWS to ST, OBC to EWS, EWS to OВС.
No reserved category candidates other than those who qualified each stage of the Examination on General Standard,
shall be allowed to change (on their request or as decided by the Commission/Government based on the documents
submitted by them) their category from Reserved to Unreserved or claim the vacancies (Cadre) for unreserved
category after the declaration of final result by UPSC. In case where such candidates do not qualify on General
Standard, their candidature shall be cancelled.
Further no Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PwBD) candidate of any subcategory thereunder shall be
allowed to change his/her sub-category of disability.
While the above principle will be followed in general, there may be a few cases where there was a gap not more
than 3 months between the issuance of a Government Notification enlisting a particular community in the list of any
of the reserved communities and the date of submission of the application by the candidate. In such cases the request
of change of category from general to reserved may be considered by the Commission on merit.
In case of a candidate unfortunately becoming a candidate belonging to person with benchmark disability during
the course of examination, the candidate should produce valid documents to enable the Commission to take a decision
in the matter on merit. In case of a candidate unfortunately becoming person with benchmark disability during the
course of the examination process, the candidate should produce valid documents showing him/her acquiring a
disability to the extent of 40% or more as defined under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 to enable
him/her to get the benefits of reservation earmarked for persons with benchmark disability provided he/she otherwise
remains eligible for the Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service as per Rule 19 above.
21. Candidates seeking reservation/relaxation benefits available for SC/ST/OBC/EWSs/PwBD/Ex-servicemen must
ensure that they are entitled to such reservation/relaxation as per eligibility prescribed in the Rules/Notice. They
should also be in possession of all the requisite certificates in the prescribed format in support of their claim as
stipulated in the Rules/Notice for such benefits by the closing date of the application.
A candidate of Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2025 will be eligible to get the
benefit of the Economically Weaker Section reservation only in case the candidate meets the criteria issued by the
Central Government and is in possession of requisite Income & Asset Certificate based on the income for Financial
Year (FY) 2023-2024 and issued on/after 01.04.2024 (after completion of FY 2023-24) but not later than the closing
date of the application for Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2025.
22. No person:
(a) who has entered into or contracted a marriage with a person having a spouse living, or
(b) who having a spouse living has entered into or contracted a marriage with any person,
shall be eligible for appointment to service(s) :
Provided that the Central Government may, if satisfied that such marriage is permissible under the personal law
applicable to such person and the other party to the marriage and there are other grounds for so doing exempt any
person from the operation of this rule.
23. Brief particulars relating to the Service(s) to which recruitment is being made through this examination are
stated in Appendix-II.
PUJA SINGH MANDOL, Addl. Secy.
APPENDIX-I
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION
SECTION-I
The examination shall be conducted according to the following plan—
Part I-Written examination carrying a maximum of 1000 marks in the subjects as shown below.
Part II-Viva voce of such candidates as may be called by the Commission carrying a maximum of 200 marks.
PART-I
The subjects of the written examination under Part-I, the maximum marks allotted to each subject/paper and the
time allowed shall be as follows :
A. Indian Economic Service
+-----+-------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| Sl. | Subject | Maximum Marks | Time |
| No. | | | Allowed |
+=====+=========================+===============+===========+
| 1. | General English | 100 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+-------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 2. | General Studies | 100 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+-------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 3. | General Economics-I | 200 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+-------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 4. | General Economics-II | 200 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+-------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 5. | General Economics-III | 200 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+-------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 6. | Indian Economics | 200 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+-------------------------+---------------+-----------+
B. Indian Statistical Service
+-----+---------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| Sl. | Subject | Maximum Marks | Time |
| No. | | | Allowed |
+=====+===========================+===============+===========+
| 1. | General English | 100 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+---------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 2. | General Studies | 100 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+---------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 3. | Statistics-I (Objective) | 200 | 2 hrs. |
+-----+---------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 4. | Statistics-II (Objective) | 200 | 2 hrs. |
+-----+---------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 5. | Statistics-III (Descriptive)| 200 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+---------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 6. | Statistics-IV (Descriptive)| 200 | 3 hrs. |
+-----+---------------------------+---------------+-----------+
Note-1: Statistics I & II will be of Objective Type Questions (80 questions with maximum marks of 200 in each
paper) to be attempted in 120 minutes.
Note-2: Statistics III & IV will be of Descriptive Type having Short Answer/ Small Problems Questions (50%) and
Long Answer and Comprehension problem questions (50%). At least one Short Answer and One Long
Answer Question from each section is compulsory. In Statistics-IV, there will be SEVEN Sections in the
paper. Candidates have to choose any TWO Sections out of them. All Sections will carry equal marks.
Note 3: The papers on General English and General Studies, common to both Indian Economic Service and Indian
Statistical Service will be of subjective type.
Note 4: All other papers of Indian Economic Service will be of subjective type.
Note-5: The details of standard and syllabi for the examination are given in Section-II below.
2. The question papers in all subjects in Indian Economic Service Examination and in Indian Statistical Service
Examination will be of Conventional (essay) type except in Statistics Paper I and Statistics Paper II which are
Objective Type Papers.
3. ALL QUESTION PAPERS MUST BE ANSWERED IN ENGLISH; QUESTION PAPERS WILL BE SET IN
ENGLISH ONLY.
4.1 Candidates must write the papers in their own hand. In no circumstances will they be allowed the help of a scribe
to write the answers for them. However, the Persons with Benchmark Disabilities in the categories of blindness,
Locomotor Disability (both arms affected-BA) and cerebral palsy will be eligible for the facility of scribe. In case of
other category of Persons with Benchmark Disabilities as defined under section 2(r) of the RPWD Act, 2016, such
candidates will be eligible for the facility of scribe on production of a certificate to the effect that the person concerned
has physical limitation to write, and scribe is essential to write examination on behalf, from the Chief Medical
Officer/Civil Surgeon/Medical Superintendent of a Government Health Care institution as per proforma at Appendix-
V.
Further, for persons with specified disabilities covered under the definition of Section 2(s) of the RPwD Act, 2016 but
not covered under the definition of Section 2(r) of the said Act, i.e. persons having less than 40% disability and
having difficulty in writing will be eligible for the facility of scribe subject to production of a certificate to the effect
that person concerned has limitation to write and that scribe is essential to write examination on his/her behalf from
the competent medical authority of a Government healthcare institution as per proforma at Appendix-VII
4.2 The candidates have discretion of opting for his/her own scribe or request the Commission for the same. The
details of scribe i.e. whether own or the Commission's and the details of scribe in case candidates are bringing their
own scribe, will be sought at the time of filling up the application form online as per proforma at Appendix-VI (for
Candidates having 40% disability or more) and Appendix-VIII (for Candidates having less than 40% disability and
having difficulty in writing).
4.3 The qualification of the Commission's scribe as well as own scribe will not be more than the minimum
qualification criteria of the examination. However, the qualification of the scribe should always be matriculate or
above.
4.4 The Persons with Benchmark Disabilities in the category of blindness, locomotor disability (both arms affected
BA) and cerebral palsy will be eligible for Compensatory Time of twenty minutes per hour of the examination. In case
of other categories of Persons with Benchmark Disabilities, such candidates will be eligible for this facility on
production of a certificate to the effect that the person concerned has physical limitation to write from the Chief
Medical Officer/Civil Surgeon/Medical Superintendent of a Government Health Care institution as per proforma at
Appendix - V.
Further, for persons with specified disabilities covered under the definition of Section 2(s) of the RPwD Act, 2016 but
not covered under the definition of Section 2(r) of the said Act, i.e. persons having less than 40% disability and
having difficulty in writing will be eligible for compensatory time subject to production of a certificate to the effect
that person concerned has limitation to write from the competent medical authority of a Government healthcare
institution as per proforma at Appendix-VII.
4.5 Facility of Scribe and/or Compensatory time to eligible candidates will be provided, if desired by them.
Note (1): The eligibility conditions of a scribe and his/her conduct inside the examination hall and the manner in
which an extent to which he/she can help the eligible candidate (as defined above) in writing the Indian
Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination shall be governed by the instructions issued by
the UPSC in this regard. Violation of all or any of the said instructions shall entail the cancellation of the
candidature of the candidate in addition to any other action that the UPSC may take against the scribe.
Note (2): The criteria for determining the percentage of visual impairment shall be as follows:-
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Better eye | Worse eye | Per Cent | Disability category |
| Best Corrected| Best Corrected| Impairment | |
+===============+===============+===============+===================+
| 6/6 to 6/18 | 6/6 to 6/18 | 0% | 0 |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| 6/24 to 6/60 | 6/24 to 6/60 | 10% | 0 |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Less than | Less than | 20% | I |
| 6/60 to 3/60 | 6/60 to 3/60 | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Less than | Less than | 30% | II (One eyed person)|
| 3/60 to No | 3/60 to No | | |
| Light | Light | | |
| Perception | Perception | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| 6/24 to 6/60 | 6/24 to 6/60 | 40% | III a (low vision) |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Or | Less than | 50% | III b (low vision) |
| | 6/60 to 3/60 | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Visual field | Less than | 60% | III c (low vision) |
| less than 40 | 3/60 to No | | |
| up to 20 | Light | | |
| degree around | Perception | | |
| centre of | | | |
| fixation or | | | |
| heminaopia | | | |
| involving | | | |
| macula | | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Less than | Less than | 70% | III d (low vision) |
| 6/60 to 3/60 | 6/60 to 3/60 | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Or | Less than | 80% | III e (low vision) |
| | 3/60 to No | | |
| Visual field | Light | | |
| less than 20 | Perception | | |
| up to 10 | | | |
| degree around | | | |
| centre of | | | |
| fixation | | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Less than | Less than | 90% | IV a (Blindness) |
| 3/60 to 1/60 | 3/60 to No | | |
| Or | Light | | |
| | Perception | | |
| Visual field | | | |
| less than 10 | | | |
| degree | | | |
| around | | | |
| centre | | | |
| of fixation | | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Only HMCF | Only HMCF | 100% | IV b (Blindness) |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Only Light | Only Light | | |
| Perception | Perception | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
| No Light | No Light | | |
| Perception | Perception | | |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+
4.6 The concession admissible to blind candidates shall not be admissible to those suffering from Myopia.
5. The Commission have the discretion to fix qualifying marks in any or all the subjects of the examination.
6. If a candidate's handwriting is not easily legible, a deduction will be made on this account, from the total marks
otherwise accruing to him/her.
7. Marks will not be allotted for mere superficial knowledge.
8. Credit will be given for orderly effective and exact expression combined with due economy of words.
9. In the question papers, wherever required, SI Units will be used.
10. Candidates will be allowed the use of Scientific (Non-Programmable type) Calculators in Descriptive Type
Papers at the examination. Programmable type calculators will, however, not be allowed and the use of such
calculators shall tantamount to resorting to unfair means by the candidates. Loaning or interchanging of calculators in
the Examination Hall is not permitted. However, no calculator will be allowed in the Objective Type Papers at the
examination.
11. Candidates should use only International Form of Indian numerals (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 etc.) while answering
question papers.
PART - II
Viva voce—The candidate will be interviewed by a Board of competent and unbiased observers who will have
before them a record of his/her career. The object of the interview is to assess his/her suitability for the service for
which he/she has competed. The interview is intended to supplement the written examination for testing the general
and specialised knowledge and abilities for the candidate. The candidate will be expected to have taken an intelligent
interest not only in his/her subjects of academic study but also in events which are happening around him/her both
within and outside his/her own State or Country as well as in modern currents of thought and in new discoveries
which should rouse the curiosity of well educated youth.
The technique of the interview is not that of a strict cross-examination, but of a natural, through directed and
purposive conversation intended to reveal the candidate's mental qualities and his/her grasp of problems. The Board
will pay special attention to assess the intellectual curiosity, critical powers of assimilation, balance of judgment and
alertness of mind, the ability for social cohesion, integrity of character initiative and capacity for leadership.
SECTION-II
STANDARD AND SYLLABI
The standard of papers in General English and General Studies will be such as may be expected of a graduate of
an Indian University.
The standard of papers in the other subjects will be that of the Master's degree examination of an Indian
University in the relevant disciplines. The candidates will be expected to illustrate theory by facts, and to analyse
problems with the help of theory. They will be expected to be particularly conversant with Indian problems in the
field(s) of Economics/Statistics.
GENERAL ENGLISH (COMMON TO BOTH IES/ISS)
Candidates will be required to write an essay in English. Other questions will be designed to test their
understanding of English and workman like use of words. Passages will usually be set for summary or precis.
GENERAL STUDIES (COMMON TO BOTH IES/ISS)
General knowledge including knowledge of current events and of such matters of everyday observation and
experience in their scientific aspects as may be expected of an educated person who has not made a special study of
any scientific subject. The paper will also include questions on Indian Polity including the political system and the
Constitution of India, History of India and Geography of a nature which a candidate should be able to answer without
special study.
GENERAL ECONOMICS – I (For IES only)
PART A:
1. Theory of Consumer's Demand-Cardinal utility Analysis: Marginal utility and demand, Consumer's surplus,
Indifference curve Analysis and utility function, Price, income and substitution effects, Slutsky theorem and
derivation of demand curve, Revealed preference theory. Duality and indirect utility function and expenditure
function, Choice under risk and uncertainty. Simple games of complete information, Concept of Nash equilibrium.
2. Theory of Production: Factors of production and production function. Forms of Production Functions: Cobb
Douglas, CES and Fixed coefficient type, Translog production function. Laws of return, Returns to scale and Return
to factors of production. Duality and cost function, Measures of productive efficiency of firms, technical and
allocative efficiency. Partial Equilibrium versus General Equilibrium approach. Equilibrium of the firm and industry.
3. Theory of Value: Pricing under different market structures, public sector pricing, marginal cost pricing, peak load
pricing, cross-subsidy free pricing and average cost pricing. Marshallian and Walrasian stability analysis. Pricing with
incomplete information and moral hazard problems.
4. Theory of Distribution: Neo classical distribution theories; Marginal productivity theory of determination of factor
prices, Factor shares and adding up problems. Euler's theorem, Pricing of factors under imperfect competition,
monopoly and bilateral monopoly. Macro- distribution theories of Ricardo, Marx, Kaldor, Kalecki.
5. Welfare Economics: Inter-personal comparison and aggression problem, Public goods and externalities,
Divergence between social and private welfare, compensation principle. Pareto optimality. Social choice and other
recent schools, including Coase and Sen.
PART B: Quantitative Methods in Economics
1. Mathematical Methods in Economics: Differentiation and Integration and their application in economics.
Optimisation techniques, Sets, Matrices and their application in economics. Linear algebra and Linear programming in
economics and Input-output model of Leontief.
2. Statistical and Econometric Methods: Measures of central tendency and dispersions, Correlation and
Regression. Time series. Index numbers. Sampling of curves based on various linear and non-linear function. Least
square methods and other multivariate analysis (only concepts and interpretation of results). Analysis of Variance,
Factor analysis, Principle component analysis, Discriminant analysis. Income distribution: Pareto law of Distribution,
lognormal distribution, measurement of income inequality. Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient. Univariate and
multivariate regression analysis. Problems and remedies of Hetroscedasticity, Autocorrelation and Multicollnearity.
GENERAL ECONOMICS – II (For IES only)
1. Economic Thought: Mercantilism Physiocrats, Classical, Marxist, Neo-classical, Keynesian and Monetarist
schools of thought.
2. Concept of National Income and Social Accounting: Measurement of National Income, Inter relationship
between three measures of national income in the presence of Government sector and International transactions.
Environmental considerations, Green national income.
3. Theory of employment, Output, Inflation, Money and Finance: The Classical theory of Employment and
Output and Neo classical approaches. Equilibrium, analysis under classical and neo classical approach. Keynesian
theory of Employment and Output. Post Keynesian developments. The inflationary gap; Demand pull versus cost push
inflation, the Philip's curve and its policy implication. Classical theory of Money, Quantity theory of Money.
Friedman's restatement of the quantity theory, the neutrality of money. The supply and demand for loanable funds and
equilibrium in financial markets, Keynes' theory on demand for money. IS-LM Model and AD-AS Model in
Keynesian Theory.
4. Financial and Capital Market: Finance and economic development, financial markets, stock market, gilt
market, banking and insurance. Equity markets, Role of primary and secondary markets and efficiency, Derivatives
markets; Future and options.
5. Economic Growth and Development: Concepts of Economic Growth and Development and their
measurement: characteristics of less developed countries and obstacles to their development - growth, poverty and
income distribution. Theories of growth: Classical Approach: Adam Smith, Marx and Schumpeter- Neo classical
approach; Robinson, Solow, Kaldor and Harrod Domar. Theories of Economic Development, Rostow, Rosenstein-
Roden, Nurske, Hirschman, Leibenstien and Arthur Lewis, Amin and Frank (Dependency school) respective role of
state and the market. Utilitarian and Welfarist approach to social development and A.K. Sen's critique. Sen's
capability approach to economic development. The Human Development Index. Physical quality of Life Index and
Human Poverty Index. Basics of Endogenous Growth Theory.
6. International Economics: Gains from International Trade, Terms of Trade, policy, international trade and
economic development- Theories of International Trade; Ricardo, Haberler, Heckscher- Ohlin and Stopler-
Samuelson- Theory of Tariffs- Regional Trade Arrangements. Asian Financial Crisis of 1997, Global Financial Crisis
of 2008 and Euro Zone Crisis- Causes and Impact.
7. Balance of Payments: Disequilibrium in Balance of Payments, Mechanism of Adjustments, Foreign Trade
Multiplier, Exchange Rates, Import and Exchange Controls and Multiple Exchange Rates. IS-LM Model and
Mundell- Fleming Model of Balance of Payments.
8. Global Institutions: UN agencies dealing with economic aspects, role of Multilateral Development Bodies
(MDBs), such as World Bank, IMF and WTO, Multinational Corporations. G-20.
GENERAL ECONOMICS – III (For IES only)
1. Public Finance-Theories of taxation: Optimal taxes and tax reforms, incidence of taxation. Theories of public
expenditure: objectives and effects of public expenditure, public expenditure policy and social cost benefit analysis,
criteria of public investment decisions, social rate of discount, shadow prices of investment, unskilled labour and
foreign exchange. Budgetary deficits. Theory of public debt management.
2. Environmental Economics-Environmentally sustainable development, Rio process 1992 to 2012, Green
GDP, UN Methodology of Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting. Environmental Values: Users and
Non-Users values, option value. Valuation Methods: Stated and revealed preference methods. Design of
Environmental Policy Instruments: Pollution taxes and Pollution permits, collective action and informal regulation by
local communities. Theories of exhaustible and renewable resources. International environmental agreements, RIO
Conventions. Climatic change problems. Kyoto protocol, UNFCC, Bali Action Plan, Agreements up to 2017, tradable
permits and carbon taxes. Carbon Markets and Market Mechanisms. Climate Change Finance and Green Climate
Fund.
3. Industrial Economics-Market structure, conduct and performance of firms, product differentiation and market
concentration, monopolistic price theory and oligopolistic interdependence and pricing, entry preventing pricing,
micro level investment decisions and the behaviour of firms, research and development and innovation, market
structure and profitability, public policy and development of firms.
4. State, Market and Planning-Planning in a developing economy. Planning regulation and market. Indicative
planning. Decentralised planning.
INDIAN ECONOMICS (For IES only)
1. History of development and planning- Alternative development strategies-goal of self-reliance based on
import substitution and protection, the post-1991 globalisation strategies based on stabilisation and structural
adjustment packages: fiscal reforms, financial sector reforms and trade reforms.
2. Federal Finance-Constitutional provisions relating to fiscal and financial powers of the states, Finance
Commissions and their formulae for sharing taxes, Financial aspect of Sarkaria Commission Report, Financial aspects
of 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments.
3. Budgeting and Fiscal Policy-Tax, expenditure, budgetary deficits, pension and fiscal reforms, Public debt
management and reforms, Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, Black money and Parallel
economy in India-definition, estimates, genesis, consequences and remedies.
4. Poverty, Unemployment and Human Development-Estimates of inequality and poverty measures for
India, appraisal of Government measures, India's human development record in global perspective. India's population
policy and development.
5. Agriculture and Rural Development Strategies- Technologies and institutions, land relations and land
reforms, rural credit, modern farm inputs and marketing- price policy and subsidies; commercialisation and
diversification. Rural development programmes including poverty alleviation programmes, development of economic
and social infrastructure and New Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
6. India's experience with Urbanisation and Migration-Different types of migratory flows and their impact
on the economies of their origin and destination, the process of growth of urban settlements; urban development
strategies.
7. Industry: Strategy of industrial development- Industrial Policy Reform; Reservation Policy relating to
small scale industries. Competition policy, Sources of industrial finance. Bank, share market, insurance companies,
pension funds, non-banking sources and foreign direct investment, role of foreign capital for direct investment and
portfolio investment, Public sector reform, privatisation and disinvestment.
8. Labour-Employment, unemployment and underemployment, industrial relations and labour welfare-
strategies for employment generation-Urban labour market and informal sector employment, Report of National
Commission on Labour, Social issues relating to labour e.g. Child Labour, Bonded Labour International Labour
Standard and its impact.
9. Foreign trade-Salient features of India's foreign trade, composition, direction and organisation of trade,
recent changes in trade, balance of payments, tariff policy, exchange rate, India and WTO requirements. Bilateral
Trade Agreements and their implications.
10. Money and Banking-Financial sector reforms, Organisation of India's money market, changing roles of
the Reserve Bank of India, commercial banks, development finance institutions, foreign banks and non-banking
financial institutions, Indian capital market and SEBI, Development in Global Financial Market and its relationship
with Indian Financial Sector. Commodity Market in India-Spot and Futures Market, Role of FMC.
11. Inflation-Definition, trends, estimates, consequences and remedies (control): Wholesale Price Index.
Consumer Price Index: components and trends.
STATISTICS-I (OBJECTIVE TYPE) (For ISS only)
(i) Probability:
Classical and axiomatic definitions of Probability and consequences. Law of total probability, Conditional probability,
Bayes' theorem and applications. Discrete and continuous random variables. Distribution functions and their
properties.
Standard discrete and continuous probability distributions - Bernoulli, Uniform, Binomial, Poisson, Geometric,
Rectangular, Exponential, Normal, Cauchy, Hyper geometric, Multinomial, Laplace, Negative binomial, Beta,
Gamma, Lognormal. Random vectors, Joint and marginal distributions, conditional distributions, Distributions of
functions of random variables. Modes of convergences of sequences of random variables - in distribution, in
probability, with probability one and in mean square. Mathematical expectation and conditional expectation.
Characteristic function, moment and probability generating functions, Inversion, uniqueness and continuity theorems.
Borel 0-1 law, Kolmogorov's 0-1 law. Tchebycheff's and Kolmogorov's inequalities. Laws of large numbers and
central limit theorems for independent variables.
(ii) Statistical Methods:
Collection, compilation and presentation of data, charts, diagrams and histogram. Frequency distribution. Measures of
location, dispersion, skewness and kurtosis. Bivariate and multivariate data. Association and contingency. Curve
fitting and orthogonal
polynomials. Bivariate normal distribution. Regression-linear, polynomial. Distribution of the correlation coefficient,
Partial and multiple correlation, Intraclass correlation, Correlation ratio.
Standard errors and large sample test. Sampling distributions of sample mean, sample variance, t, chi-square and F;
tests of significance based on them, Small sample tests.
Non-parametric tests-Goodness of fit, sign, median, run, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, Wald-Wolfowitz and
Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Order statistics-minimum, maximum, range and median. Concept of Asymptotic relative
efficiency.
(iii) Numerical Analysis:
Finite differences of different orders: Δ, Ε and D operators, factorial representation of a polynomial, separation of
symbols, sub-division of intervals, differences of zero.
Concept of interpolation and extrapolation: Newton Gregory's forward and backward interpolation formulae for
equal intervals, divided differences and their properties, Newton's formula for divided difference, Lagrange's formula
for unequal intervals, central difference formula due to Gauss, Sterling and Bessel, concept of error terms in
interpolation formula.
Inverse interpolation: Different methods of inverse interpolation.
Numerical differentiation: Trapezoidal, Simpson's one-third and three-eight rule and Waddles rule.
Summation of Series: Whose general term (i) is the first difference of a function (ii) is in geometric progression.
Numerical solutions of differential equations: Euler's Method, Milne's Method, Picard's Method and Runge-Kutta
Method.
(iv) Computer application and Data Processing:
Basics of Computer: Operations of a computer, Different units of a computer system like central processing unit,
memory unit, arithmetic and logical unit, input unit, output unit etc., Hardware including different types of input,
output and peripheral devices, Software, system and application software, number systems, Operating systems,
packages and utilities, Low and High level languages, Compiler, Assembler, Memory - RAM, ROM, unit of
computer memory (bits, bytes etc.), Network – LAN, WAN, internet, intranet, basics of computer security, virus,
antivirus, firewall, spyware, malware etc.
Basics of Programming: Algorithm, Flowchart, Data, Information, Database, overview of different programming
languages, frontend and backend of a project, variables, control structures, arrays and their usages, functions,
modules, loops, conditional statements, exceptions, debugging and related concepts.
STATISTICS- II (OBJECTIVE TYPE) (For ISS only)
(i) Linear Models:
Theory of linear estimation, Gauss-Markov linear models, estimable functions, error and estimation space, normal
equations and least square estimators, estimation of error variance, estimation with correlated observations, properties
of least square estimators, generalized inverse of a matrix and solution of normal equations, variances and covariances
of least square estimators.
One way and two-way classifications, fixed, random and mixed effects models. Analysis of variance (two-way
classification only), multiple comparison tests due to Tukey, Scheffe and Student-Newmann-Keul-Duncan.
(ii) Statistical Inference and Hypothesis Testing:
Characteristics of good estimator. Estimation methods of maximum likelihood, minimum chi-square, moments and
least squares. Optimal properties of maximum likelihood estimators. Minimum variance unbiased estimators.
Minimum variance bound estimators. Cramer-Rao inequality. Bhattacharya bounds. Sufficient estimator. factorization
theorem. Complete statistics. Rao-Blackwell theorem. Confidence interval estimation. Optimum confidence bounds.
Resampling, Bootstrap and Jacknife.
Hypothesis testing: Simple and composite hypotheses. Two kinds of error. Critical region. Different types of critical
regions and similar regions. Power function. Most powerful and uniformly most powerful tests. Neyman-Pearson
fundamental lemma. Unbiased test. Randomized test. Likelihood ratio test. Wald's SPRT, OC and ASN functions.
Elements of decision theory.
(iii) Official Statistics:
National and International official statistical system
Official Statistics: (a) Need, Uses, Users, Reliability, Relevance, Limitations, Transparency, its visibility (b)
Compilation, Collection, Processing, Analysis and Dissemination, Agencies Involved, Methods
National Statistical Organization: Vision and Mission, NSSO and CSO; roles and responsibilities; Important
activities, Publications etc.
National Statistical Commission: Need, Constitution, its role, functions etc; Legal Acts/Provisions/ Support for
Official Statistics; Important Acts
Index Numbers: Different Types, Need, Data Collection Mechanism, Periodicity, Agencies Involved, Uses
Sector Wise Statistics: Agriculture, Health, Education, Women and Child etc. Important Surveys & Census,
Indicators, Agencies and Usages etc.
National Accounts: Definition, Basic Concepts; issues; the Strategy, Collection of Data and Release.
Population Census: Need, Data Collected, Periodicity, Methods of data collection, dissemination, Agencies
involved.
Misc: Socio Economic Indicators, Gender Awareness/Statistics, Important Surveys and Censuses.
STATISTICS- III (DESCRIPTIVE TYPE) (For ISS only)
(i) Sampling Techniques:
Concept of population and sample, need for sampling, complete enumeration versus sampling, basic concepts in
sampling, sampling and Non-sampling error, Methodologies in sample surveys (questionnaires, sampling design and
methods followed in field investigation) by NSSO.
Subjective or purposive sampling, probability sampling or random sampling, simple random sampling with and
without replacement, estimation of population mean, population proportions and their standard errors. Stratified
random sampling, proportional and optimum allocation, comparison with simple random sampling for fixed sample
size. Covariance and Variance Function.
Ratio, product and regression methods of estimation, estimation of population mean, evaluation of Bias and Variance
to the first order of approximation, comparison with simple random sampling.
Systematic sampling (when population size (N) is an integer multiple of sampling size (n)). Estimation of population
mean and standard error of this estimate, comparison with simple random sampling.
Sampling with probability proportional to size (with and without replacement method), Des Raj and Das estimators
for n=2, Horvitz-Thomson's estimator
Equal size cluster sampling: estimators of population mean and total and their standard errors, comparison of cluster
sampling with SRS in terms of intra-class correlation coefficient.
Concept of multistage sampling and its application, two-stage sampling with equal number of second stage units,
estimation of population mean and total. Double sampling in ratio and regression methods of estimation.
Concept of Interpenetrating sub-sampling.
(ii) Econometrics:
Nature of econometrics, the general linear model (GLM) and its extensions, ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation
and prediction, generalized least squares (GLS) estimation and prediction, heteroscedastic disturbances, pure and
mixed estimation.
Auto correlation, its consequences and tests. Theil BLUS procedure, estimation and prediction, multi-collinearity
problem, its implications and tools for handling the problem, ridge regression.
Linear regression and stochastic regression, instrumental variable estimation, errors in variables, autoregressive
linear regression, lagged variables, distributed lag models, estimation of lags by OLS method, Koyck's geometric
lag model.
Simultaneous linear equations model and its generalization, identification problem, restrictions on structural
parameters, rank and order conditions.
Estimation in simultaneous equations model, recursive systems, 2 SLS estimators, limited information estimators, k-
class estimators, 3 SLS estimator, full information maximum likelihood method, prediction and simultaneous
confidence intervals.
(iii) Applied Statistics:
Index Numbers: Price relatives and quantity or volume relatives, Link and chain relatives composition of index
numbers; Laspeyre's, Paasches', Marshal Edgeworth and Fisher index numbers; chain base index number, tests for
index number, Construction of index numbers of wholesale and consumer prices, Income distribution-Pareto and
Engel curves, Concentration curve, Methods of estimating national income, Inter-sectoral flows, Inter-industry table,
Role of CSO. Demand Analysis
Time Series Analysis: Economic time series, different components, illustration, additive and multiplicative models,
determination of trend, seasonal and cyclical fluctuations.
Time-series as discrete parameter stochastic process, auto covariance and autocorrelation functions and their
properties.
Exploratory time Series analysis, tests for trend and seasonality, exponential and moving average smoothing. Holt
and Winters smoothing, forecasting based on smoothing.
Detailed study of the stationary processes: (1) moving average (MA), (2) auto regressive (AR), (3) ARMA and (4)
AR integrated MA (ARIMA) models. Box-Jenkins models, choice of AR and MA periods.
Discussion (without proof) of estimation of mean, auto covariance and autocorrelation functions under large sample
theory, estimation of ARIMA model parameters.
Spectral analysis of weakly stationary process, periodogram and correlogram analyses, computations based on Fourier
transform.
STATISTICS-IV (DESCRIPTIVE TYPE) (For ISS only)
(Equal number of questions i.e. 50% weightage from all the subsections below and
Candidates have to choose any two subsections and answer)
(i) Operations Research and Reliability:
Definition and Scope of Operations Research: phases in Operation Research, models and their solutions, decision-
making under uncertainty and risk, use of different criteria, sensitivity analysis.
Transportation and assignment problems. Bellman's principle of optimality, general formulation, computational
methods and application of dynamic programming to LPP.
Decision-making in the face of competition, two-person games, pure and mixed strategies, existence of solution and
uniqueness of value in zero-sum games, finding solutions in 2x2, 2xm and mxn games.
Analytical structure of inventory problems, EOQ formula of Harris, its sensitivity analysis and extensions allowing
quantity discounts and shortages. Multi-item inventory subject to constraints. Models with random demand, the static
risk model. P and Q- systems with constant and random lead times.
Queuing models - specification and effectiveness measures. Steady-state solutions of M/M/1 and M/M/c models with
associated distributions of queue-length and waiting time. M/G/1 queue and Pollazcek-Khinchine result.
Sequencing and scheduling problems. 2-machine n-job and 3-machine n-job problems with identical machine
sequence for all jobs
Branch and Bound method for solving travelling salesman problem.
Replacement problems - Block and age replacement policies.
PERT and CPM – basic concepts. Probability of project completion.
Reliability concepts and measures, components and systems, coherent systems, reliability of coherent systems.
Life-distributions, reliability function, hazard rate, common univariate life distributions - exponential, weibull,
gamma, etc.. Bivariate exponential distributions. Estimation of parameters and tests in these models.
Notions of aging – IFR, IFRA, NBU, DMRL and NBUE classes and their duals. Loss of memory property of the
exponential distribution.
Reliability estimation based on failure times in variously censored life-tests and in tests with replacement of failed
items. Stress-strength reliability and its estimation.
(ii) Demography and Vital Statistics:
Sources of demographic data, census, registration, ad-hoc surveys, Hospital records, Demographic profiles of the
Indian Census.
Complete life table and its main features, Uses of life table. Makehams and Gompertz curves. National life tables. UN
model life tables. Abridged life tables. Stable and stationary populations.
Measurement of Fertility: Crude birth rate, General fertility rate, Age specific birth rate, Total fertility rate, Gross
reproduction rate, Net reproduction rate.
Measurement of Mortality: Crude death rate, Standardized death rates, Age-specific death rates, Infant Mortality rate,
Death rate by cause.
Internal migration and its measurement, migration models, concept of international migration. Net migration.
International and postcensal estimates. Projection method including logistic curve fitting. Decennial population
census in India.
(iii) Survival Analysis and Clinical Trial:
Concept of time, order and random censoring, likelihood in the distributions - exponential, gamma, Weibull,
lognormal, Pareto, Linear failure rate, inference for these distribution.
Life tables, failure rate, mean residual life and their elementary classes and their properties.
Estimation of survival function - actuarial estimator, Kaplan - Meier estimator, estimation under the assumption of
IFR/DFR, tests of exponentiality against non-parametric classes, total time on test.
Two sample problem – Gehan test, log rank test.
Semi-parametric regression for failure rate – Cox's proportional hazards model with one and several covariates, rank
test for the regression coefficient.
Competing risk model, parametric and non-parametric inference for this model.
Introduction to clinical trials: the need and ethics of clinical trials, bias and random error in clinical studies, conduct of
clinical trials, overview of Phase I - IV trials, multicenter trials.
Data management: data definitions, case report forms, database design, data collection systems for good clinical
practice.
Design of clinical trials: parallel vs. cross-over designs, cross-sectional vs. longitudinal designs, review of factorial
designs, objectives and endpoints of clinical trials, design of Phase I trials, design of single-stage and multi-stage
Phase II trials, design and monitoring of phase III trials with sequential stopping,
Reporting and analysis: analysis of categorical outcomes from Phase I - III trials, analysis of survival data from
clinical trials.
(iv) Quality Control:
Statistical process and product control: Quality of a product, need for quality control, basic concept of process control,
process capability and product control, general theory of control charts, causes of variation in quality, control limits,
sub grouping summary of out of control criteria, charts for attributes p chart, np chart, c-chart, V chart, charts for
variables: R, (X,R), (X,σ) charts.
Basic concepts of process monitoring and control; process capability and process optimization.
General theory and review of control charts for attribute and variable data; O.C. and A.R.L. of control charts; control
by gauging; moving average and exponentially weighted moving average charts; Cu-Sum charts using V-masks and
decision intervals; Economic design of X-bar chart.
Acceptance sampling plans for attributes inspection; single and double sampling plans and their properties; plans for
inspection by variables for one-sided and two sided specification.
(v) Multivariate Analysis:
Multivariate normal distribution and its properties. Random sampling from multivariate normal distribution.
Maximum likelihood estimators of parameters, distribution of sample mean vector.
Wishart matrix its distribution and properties, distribution of sample generalized variance, null and non-null
distribution of multiple correlation coefficients.
Hotelling's T² and its sampling distribution, application in test on mean vector for one and more multivariate normal
population and also on equality of components of a mean vector in multivariate normal population.
Classification problem: Standards of good classification, procedure of classification based on multivariate normal
distributions.
Principal components, dimension reduction, canonical variates and canonical correlation -definition, use, estimation
and computation.
(vi) Design and Analysis of Experiments:
Analysis of variance for one way and two way classifications, Need for design of experiments, basic principle of
experimental design (randomization, replication and local control), complete analysis and layout of completely
randomized design, randomized block design and Latin square design, Missing plot technique. Split Plot Design and
Strip Plot Design.
Factorial experiments and confounding in 2n and 3n experiments. Analysis of covariance. Analysis of non-orthogonal
data. Analysis of missing data.
(vii) Computing with C and R :
Basics of C: Components of C language, structure of a C program, Data type, basic data types, Enumerated data
types, Derived data types, variable declaration, Local, Global, Parametric variables, Assignment of Variables,
Numeric, Character, Real and String constants, Arithmetic, Relation and Logical operators, Assignment operators,
Increment and decrement operators, conditional operators, Bitwise operators, Type modifiers and expressions, writing
and interpreting expressions, using expressions in statements. Basic input/output.
Control statements: conditional statements, if else, nesting of if else, else if ladder, switch statements, loops in c,
for, while, do - while loops, break, continue, exit (), goto and label declarations, One dimensional two dimensional
and multidimensional arrays. Storage classes: Automatic variables, External variables, Static variables, Scope and
lifetime of declarations.
Functions: classification of functions, functions definition and declaration, assessing a function, return statement,
parameter passing in functions. Pointers (concept only).
Structure: Definition and declaration; structure (initialization) comparison of structure variable; Array of structures :
array within structures, structures within structures, passing structures to functions; Unions accessing a union
member, union of structure, initialization of a union variable, uses of union. Introduction to linked list, linear linked
list, insertion of a node in list, removal of a node from list.
Files in C: Defining and opening a file, input – output operation on a file, creating a file, reading a file.
Statistics Methods and techniques in R.
APPENDIX-II
BRIEF PARTICULARS RELATING TO THE SERVICES TO WHICH RECRUITMENT IS BEING MADE
THROUGH THIS EXAMINATION
1. Candidates selected for appointment to either of two services will be appointed to Junior Time Scale of the
Services on probation for a period of two years which may be extended if necessary. During the period of probation,
the candidates will be required to undergo such courses of training and instructions and to pass such examination and
tests as the Government may determine.
2. If in the opinion of Government the work or conduct of the officer on probation is unsatisfactory or shows that
he/she is unlikely to become efficient Government may discharge him/her forthwith.
3. On the expiry of the period of probation or of any extension, if the Government are of opinion that a candidate is
not fit for the permanent appointment, Government may discharge him.
4. On completion of the period of probation to the satisfaction of Government, the candidate shall if considered fit
for permanent appointment, be confirmed in his/her appointment subject to the availability of substantive vacancies in
permanent posts.
5. Prescribed scales of pay for the Services to which the recruitment is being made are as follows:
(A) Indian Economic Service
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| No. | Level/Post | Pay Level and Pay Matrix|
+=====+===================================+=========================+
| (i) | Higher Administrative Grade +/ | Level 17 - Rs.2,25,000 |
| | Principal Adviser | |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (ii)| Higher Administrative Grade/Senior| Level 15 - Rs.1,82,200 -|
| | Economic Adviser/Senior Adviser | 2,24,100 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (iii)| Senior Administrative Grade/ | Level 14 - Rs.1,44,200 –|
| | Economic Adviser/Adviser | 2,18,200 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (iv)| Non-Functional Selection Grade | Level 13 - Rs.1,18,500 –|
| | Director/ Addl. Economic Adviser | 2,14,100 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (v) | Junior Administrative Grade/Joint | Level 12 - Rs.78,800 – |
| | Director/Dy. Economic Adviser | 2,09,200 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (vi)| Senior Time Scale/Dy. Director/ | Level 11 - Rs.67,700 – |
| | Asstt. Economic Adviser | 2,08,700 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (vii| Junior Time Scale/Asstt. | Level 10 - Rs.56,100 - |
| ) | Director/Research Officer | 1,77,500 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
(B) Indian Statistical Service
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| No. | Level/Post | Pay Level and Pay Matrix|
+=====+===================================+=========================+
| (i) | High Administrative Grade Plus | Level 16 - Rs.2,05,400 -|
| | | 2,24,400 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (ii)| High Administrative Grade | Level 15 - Rs.1,82,200 -|
| | | 2,24,100 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (iii)| Senior Administrative Grade | Level 14 - Rs.1,44,200 –|
| | | 2,18,200 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (iv)| Non- Functional Selection Grade | Level 13 - Rs.1,18,500 –|
| | | 2,14,100 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (v) | Junior Administrative Grade | Level 12 - Rs.78,800 – |
| | | 2,09,200 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (vi)| Senior Time Scale | Level 11 - Rs.67,700 - |
| | | 2,08,700 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| (vii| Junior Time Scale | Level 10 - Rs.56,100 - |
| ) | | 1,77,500 |
+-----+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
6. Promotion to the next Grade of the service will be made in accordance with the provisions of Indian Economic
Service/Indian Statistical Service Rules, as amended from time to time.
An officer belonging to the Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service will be liable to serve anywhere
in India or abroad under the Central Government and may be required to serve in any State Government or non-
Governmental organisation on deputation for a specified period.
7. Conditions of Service, leave and pension, etc. for officers of the Service will be governed by the rule applicable
to members of others Central Civil Services Group 'A'.
8. Conditions of Provident Fund are the same as laid down in the General Provident Fund (Central Service) Rules
subject to such modifications as may be made by Government from time to time.
APPENDIX-III
REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF CANDIDATES
1. These regulations are published for the convenience of candidates and to enable them to ascertain the
probability of their being of the required physical standard. The regulations are also intended to provide guidelines to
the medical examiners.
Note. "The Medical Board while conducting medical examination of the candidates who have applied against the
posts reserved for persons with Benchmark Disability will keep the relevant provisions of the Rights of Persons with
Disabilities Act, 2016 wherein the extent of permissible physical disability has been defined.
2. (a) The Government of India reserve to themselves absolute discretion to reject or accept any candidate after
considering the report of the Medical Board.
(b) The medical examination shall be conducted in two parts, i.e. Part I which shall consist of the entire
medical examination which the medical board may prescribe for a candidate except the Radiographic
Examination of the chest (X-ray test) and Part II which shall consist of Radiographic Examination (X-ray test of
the chest). The Part II shall be conducted only in respect of the candidates who have been declared finally
successful on the basis of the examination.]
1. To be passed as fit for appointment a candidate must be in good mental and bodily health and free from any
physical defect likely to interfere with the efficient performance of the duties of his/her appointment.
2. In the matter of the correlation of age, height and chest girth of candidates of Indian (including Anglo-
Indian) race it is left to the Medical Board to use whatever correlation figures are considered most suitable as a
guide in the examination of the candidates. If there be any disproportion with regard to height, weight and chest
girth to the candidates should be hospitalised for investigation and X-ray of the chest taken before the candidate
is declared fit or not by the Board.
However, the X-ray of the chest will be done in respect of only such candidates who are directed to appear
before the Medical Board for Part II of the medical examination.
3. The candidates height will be measured as follows :-
He/she remove his/her shoes and be placed against the standard with his/her feet together and the weight thrown
on the heels and not on the toes or other sides of the feet. He/she will stand erect without rigidity and with the heels
calve buttocks and shoulders touching the standard. The chain will be depressed to bring the vertex of the head level
under the horizontal bar and the height will be recorded in centimeters' and part of a centimeter to halves.
4. The candidates chest will be measured, as follows :
He/she will be made to stand erect with his/her feet together and to raise his/her arms over his/her head. The
tape will be so adjusted round the chest that its upper edge touches the interior angles of the shoulder blades behind
and lies in the same horizontal plane when the tape is taken round the chest. The arms will then be lowered to hang
loosely by the side and care will be taken that the shoulders are not thrown upwards or backwards so as to displace the
tape. The candidate will then be directed to take deep inspiration several times and the maximum expansion of the
chest will be carefully noted and the minimum and maximum will then be recorded in centimeter 84-89, 86-93 etc. In
recording the measurements, fractions of less than a centimeter should not be noted.
N.B. The height and chest of the candidate should be measured twice before coming to a final decision.
5. The candidate will also be weighted, and his/her weight recorded in kilograms; fraction of half kilogram should
not be noted.
6. (a) The candidate's eye-sight will be tested in accordance with the following rules. The result of each test will
be recorded.
(b) There shall be no limit for minimum naked eye vision but the naked eye vision of the candidates shall
however be recorded by the Medical Board or other medical authority in every case, as it will furnish the basic
information in regard to the condition of the eye.
(c) The following standards are prescribed for distant and near vision with or without glasses:
+----------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+
| Distant Vision | Near Vision | Better eye| Worse eye |
+================+================+===========+===========+
| Better eye | Worse eye | | |
| (Corrected | (Corrected | | |
| vision) | vision) | | |
+----------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+
| 6/9 or | 6/9 or | J-I | J-II |
| 6/9 | 6/12 | | |
+----------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+
(d) In every case of myopia fundus examination should be carried out and the results recorded. In the event
of pathological condition being present which is likely to be progressive and affect the efficiency of the
candidate, he/she should be declared unfit.
(e) Field of Vision. The field of vision will be tested by the confrontation method. When such test gives
unsatisfactory or doubtful result the field of vision should be determined on the perimeter.
(f) Night Blindness. Broadly there are two types of night blindness: (1) as a result of Vit. A deficiency
and (2) as a result of Organic Disease of Retina-a common cause being Refinits Pigmentosa in (1) the fundus is
normal generally seen in younger age-group and ill-nourished Persons and improves by the large doses of Vit.
A and (2) the fundus is often involved and mere fundus examination will reveal the condition in majority of
cases. The patient in this category is an adult and may not suffer from malnutrition. Persons seeking
employment for higher posts in the Government will fall in this category. For both (1) and (2) dark adaptation
test will reveal the conditions. For (2) specially when fundus is not involved electro-retinography is required to
be done. Both these tests (dark adaptation) and retinography are time consuming and require specialized set-up
and equipment and thus are not possible as a routine test in a medical check-up. Because of these technical
considerations it is for the Ministry/Department to indicate if these tests for night blindness are required to be
done. This will depend upon the job requirement and nature of duties to be performed by the prospective
Government employee.
(g) Ocular condition, other than visual acuity.-
(i) Any organic disease or a progressive refractive error which is likely to result in lowering the visual acuity
should be considered a disqualification.
(ii) Squint. For technical services where the presence of binocular vision is essential, squint, even if the visual
acuity in each eye is of the prescribed standard should be considered disqualification. For other services the
presence of squint should not be considered as disqualification if the visual acuity is of the prescribed standard.
(iii) One eye. If a person has one eye or if he/she has one eye which has normal vision and the other eye is
ambiopic or has subnormal vision, the usual effect is that the person lacks stereoscopic vision for perception of
death. Such vision is not necessary for many civil posts. The Medical Board may recommend as fit such person
provided the normal eye has :
(i) 6/6 distant vision and J-I near vision with or without glasses provided the error in any meridian is not more
than 4 dioptres for distant vision.
(ii) full field of vision.
(iii) normal colour vision, wherever required:
Provided the board is satisfied that the candidate can perform all the functions for the particular job in
question.
(h) Contact Lenses. During the medical examination of a candidate, the use of contact lenses is not to be
allowed. It is necessary that when conducting eye tests the, illumination of the type letters for distant vision
should have an illumination 15 foot-candles.
7. Blood Pressure. The board will use its discretion regarding Blood Pressure. A rough method of calculating
normal maximum systolic pressure is as follows :
(i) With young subjects 15—25 years of the age the average is about 100 plus the age.
(ii) With subjects over 25 years of age the general rule of 110 plus half the age seems quite satisfactory.
N.B. As a general rule any systolic pressure over 140 mm and diastolic over 90 mm should be regarded as
suspicious and the candidate should be hospitalised by the Board before giving their Final opinion regarding the
candidate's fitness otherwise. The hospitalisation report should indicate whether the rise in blood pressure, is of a
transient nature due to excitement etc. or whether it is due to any organic disease. In all such cases X-ray and
electrocardiographic examination of heart and blood urea clearance test should also be done as a routine. The final
decision as to the fitness or otherwise of a candidate will, however, rest with the Medical Board only.
Method of taking Blood Pressure
The mercury monometer type of instrument should be used as a rule. The measurement should not be taken
within fifteen minutes of any exercise or excitement provided the patient and particularly his arm is relaxed he may be
either lying or sitting. The arm supported comfortably at the patient's side in it more or less horizontal position. The
arm should be freed from clothes to the shoulder. The cuff completely deflated should be applied with the middle of
the rubber over the inner side of the arm and its lower edge an inch or two above the bend of the elbow. The following
turns of clothes bandage should spread evenly over the bas to avoid bulging during inflation.
The bronchial artery is located by palpitation at the bend of the elbow and the stethoscope is then applied lightly
and centrally over it below but not in contract with the cuff. This is inflated to about 200 mm. Hg. and then slowly
deflated. The level at which the column stands when soft successive sounds are heard represents the systolic pressure.
When more air is allowed to escape the sounds will be heard to increase in intensity. The level of the column at which
the well-heard clear sounds change to soft muffled fading sounds represents the diastolic pressure. The measurements
should be taken in a fairly brief period of time as prolonged pressure of cuff is irritating to the patient and will vitiate
the readings. Rechecking if necessary, should be done only a few minutes after complete deflation of the cuff
(Sometimes, as the cuff is deflated sounds are heard or at a certain level; they may disappear as pressure falls and
reappear at a still lower level. The 'Silent Gap' may cause error on reading).
8. The urine (passed in the presence of the examiner) should be examined and the result recorded. Where a
Medical Board finds sugar present in a candidate's urine by the usual chemical tests the Board will proceed with the
examination with all its other aspects and will also specially note any signs or symptoms suggestive of diabetes. It
expect for the glycosuria the Board finds the candidate confirm to the standard of medical fitness required they may
pass the candidate fit subject to the glycosuria being non-diabetic and the Board will refer the case to a specified
specialist in Medicine who has hospital and laboratory facilities at his disposal. The Medical Specialist will carry out
whatever examination, clinical and laboratory he/she considers necessary including a standard blood sugar tolerance
test and will submit his/her opinion to the Medical Board upon which the Medical Board will base its final opinion
"fit" or "unfit". The candidate will not be required to appear in person before the Board on the second occasion. To
exclude the effects of medication it may be 'necessary to retain a candidate for several days in hospital' under strict
supervision.
9. A woman candidate who as a result of tests is found to be pregnant of 12 weeks standing or over should be
declared temporarily unfit until the confinement is over. She should be re-examined for a fitness certificate six weeks
after the date of confinement subject to the production of a medical certificate of fitness from a registered medical
practitioner.
10. The following additional points should be observed :
(a) That the candidate's hearing in each ear is good and that there is no sign of disease of the ear. In case it is
defective the candidate should be got examined by the ear specialist :
provided that if the defect in hearing is remediable by operation or by use of a hearing aid candidate cannot be
declared unfit on that account provided he/she has no progressive disease in the ear. The following are the
guidelines for the medical examining authority in this regard :
(1) Marked or total deafness in one ear other
ear being normal
Fit for non-technical jobs if the deafness is up to 30
decibles in higher frequency.
(2)Perceptive, deafness in both ears in which Fit in respect of both technical and non-technical
some improvement is possible
job if the deafness is up to 30 decibles in speech
frequency of 1000 to 4000.
(3) Perforation, tympanic membrane of (i) One ear normal other ear perforation of tympanic
central or marginal type.
membrane present-Temporarily unfit.
(4) Ears with Mastoid cavity, sub-normal Under improved conditions of Ear Surgery a
hearing on one side/on both sides.
(5) Persistently/discharging ear
operated/unoperated.
(6) Chronic inflammatory/ allergic conditions
of nose with or without bony deformities of
nasal septum.
(7) Chronic inflammatory/ conditions of
tonsils and or Larynx.
Larynx—Fit.
(8) Benign or locally malignant
tumours of the ENT
(9) Otosclerosis
(10) Congenital defects of ear,
nose or throat.
(11) Nasal Poly
(b) that his/her speech is without impediment;
(c) that his/her teeth are in good order and that he/she provided with dentures where necessary for effective
mastication (well filled teeth will be consider as sound);
(d) that the chest is well formed and his/her chest expansion sufficient; and that his//her heart and lungs are
sound;
(e) that there is no evidence of any abdominal disease;
(f) that he/she is not ruptured;
(g) that he/she does not suffer from hydrocele a severe degree of varicoele, varicose veins or piles;
(h) that his/her limbs, hands and feet are well formed and developed and that there is free and perfect motion of
all joints;
(i) that he/she does not suffer from any inveterate skin-disease;
(j) that there is no congenital malformation or defect;
(k) that he/she does bear traces of acute or chronic disease pointing to an impaired constitutions;
(1) that he/she bears marks of efficient vaccination; and
(m) that he/she is free from communicable disease.
11. Radiographic examination of the chest for detecting any abnormality of the heart and lungs, which may not be
apparent by ordinary physical examination, will be restricted to only such candidates who are declared finally
successful at the concerned Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service Examination.
The decision of the Chairman of the Central Standing Medical Board (conducting the medical examination of
the concerned candidate) about the fitness of the candidate shall be final.
12. In case of doubt regarding health of a candidate, the Chairman of the Medical Board may consult a suitable
Hospital specialist to decide the issue of fitness or unfitness of the candidate for Government Service, e.g. if a
candidate is suspected to suffering from any mental defect or aberration, the Chairman of the Board may consult a
Hospital Psychiatrist/Psychologist, etc.
When any defect is found it must be noted in the certificate and the medical examiner should state his/her
opinion whether or not it is likely to interfere with efficient performance of the duties which will be required of the
candidate.
13. The candidate filing an appeal against the decision of the Medical Board has to deposit an appeal fee of Rs.50 in
such manner as may be prescribed by the Government of India in this behalf. This fee would be refunded if the
candidate is declared fit by the Appellate Medical Board. The candidates may, if they like, enclose medical certificate
in support of their claim of being fit. Appeal should be submitted within 21 days of the date of the communication in
which the decision of the Medical Board is communicated to the candidates; otherwise, request for second medical
examination by an Appellate Medical Board will not be entertained. The medical examination by the Appellate
Medical Board would be arranged at New Delhi only and no travelling allowance or daily allowance will be
admissible to the journey performed in connection with the medical examination. Necessary action to arrange medical
examination by Appellate Medical Board would be taken by the Ministry of Finance, Deptt. of Economic Affairs or the M/o
Statistics and Programme Implementation as the case may be; on receipt of appeals accompanied by the prescribed
fee.
14. The medical standards in respect of transgender candidates of Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service
are as follows:
(a) Transgender candidates shall be examined as per the format for any other candidates. However, the
physical parameters like Height, Weight and Chest expansion, the limits as applicable to female shall be
applicable. While examining the genital region, the physical characteristics shall be examined for
'Male', 'Female' or the Third category.
(b)A special Standing Medical Board of doctor comprising (a) Gynecology, (b) Surgery/Urology and (c)
Endocrinology shall confirm the facts whether transgender person is (a) Male to Female or (b) Female to
Male. This board's findings shall be necessary to put the sex of the transgender person in the correct
sub-category. All transgender applicants shall be mandatorily referred to this board.
Physical examination guidelines for female candidates :-
(a) An undertaking shall be taken from the candidate regarding her gynecological condition whether she is
suffering from any disease/pregnancy or not.
(b) Pelvic examination (finger examination) is to be performed only in symptomatic married candidate if
need arises.
(c) Ultrasonography abdomen (especially pelvis for uterus and adnexa) to be done for all symptomatic
female candidate if need arises.
(d) Rectal exam is not needed for female candidates. Non-invasive test like UPT and Ultrasound abdomen
and pelvis have good sensitivity and specifically to detect Gynecological and surgical condition.
Medical Board's Report
The following intimation is made for the guidance of the Medical Examiner :-
The standard of physical fitness to be adopted should make due allowance for the age and length of service, if
any of the candidate concerned.
No person will be deemed qualified for admission to the Public Service who shall not satisfy Government or the
appointing authority as the case may be, that he/she as no disease constitutional affection or bodily infirmity unfitting
him/her likely to unfit him/her for that service.
It should be understood that the question of fitness involves the future as well as the present and that one of the
main objects of medical examination is to secure continuous effective service, and in the case of candidates for
permanent appointment to prevent early pension or payments in case of premature death. It is at the same time to be
noted that the question is one of the likelihood of continuous effective service and the rejection of a candidate need not
be advised on account of the presence of a defect which is only a small proportion of cases is found to interfere with
continuous effective service.
The Board should normally consist of three members: (i) a Physician, (ii) a Surgeon and (iii) an
Opthalmologist all of whom should as far as practicable be of equal status. A lady doctor will be co-opted as a
member of the Medical Board whenever a woman candidate is to be examined.
Candidates appointed to the Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service are liable for field service in or
out of India. In case of such a candidate the Medical Board should specifically record their opinion as to his/her fitness
or otherwise for field service. The report of the Medical Board should be treated as confidential.
In case where a candidate is declared unfit for appointment in the Government service, the grounds for rejection
may be communicated to the candidate in broad terms without giving minute details regarding the defects pointed out
by the Medical Board. In case where a Medical Board considers that a minor disability disqualifying a candidate for
Government service can be cured by treatment, (medical or surgical) a statement to that effect should be recorded by
the Medical Board. There is no objection to a candidate being informed of the Board's opinion to this effect by the
appointing authority and when a cure has been affected it will be open to the authority concerned to ask for another
Medical Board.
In case of candidates who are to be declared "Temporarily unfit" the period specified for re-examination should
not ordinarily exceed six months at the maximum.
On re-examination after the specified period these candidates should not be declared temporarily unift for a
further period but a final decision in regard to their fitness for appointment or otherwise should be given.
(a) Candidate's statement and declaration
The candidate must make the statement required below prior to his/her Medical Examination and must sign the
Declaration appended thereto. His/her attention is specially directed to the warning contained in the note below :
1. State your name in full (in block letters)
...................................................
2. State your age and birth place ....................................................
3. (a) Do you belong to races such as Gorkhas, Garhwali,
Assamese, Nagaland Tribes etc. whose average height is
distinctly lower? Answer 'Yes' or 'No' and if the
answer is 'Yes' state the name of the race.
....................................................
(b) Have you ever had small pox, intermittent or
any other fever enlargement or suppuration of
glands, spitting of blood, asthma, heart disease,
lung diseases, fainting attacks, rheumatism appendicitis
...................................................
or
Any other disease of accident requiring confinement to bed
and medical or surgical treatment ?
...................................................
4. Have you suffered from any form of nervousness due to
overwork or any other cause
...................................................
5. Furnish the following particulars concerning your family :
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| Father's age | Father's age | No. of brothers | No. of brothers |
| if living and | at death and | living, their | dead, their |
| state of | cause of death | ages and | ages at death |
| health | | state of health | and cause of death|
+===============+=================+=======================+===================+
| 1. | | | |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| 2. | | | |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| 3. | | | |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| Mother's age | Mother's age at | No. of sisters | No. of sisters |
| if living and | death and cause | living, their | dead, their |
| state of | of death | ages and | ages at death |
| health | | state of health | and cause of death|
+===============+=================+=======================+===================+
| 1. | | | |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| 2. | | | |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| 3. | | | |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
6. Have you been examined by a Medical Board before?
...................................................
7. If answer to above is 'yes' please state what Service/
Services, you were examined for ?
...................................................
8. Who was the examining authority?
...................................................
9. When and where was the Medical Board held?
...................................................
10 Results of the Medical Board's examination, if
communicated to you or if, know?
...................................................
11. All the above answers, are to the best of my knowledge and belief, true and correct and I shall be liable for action
under law for any material infirmity in the information furnished by me, or suppression of relevant material
information. The furnishing of false information or suppression of any factual information would be a disqualification
and is likely to render me unfit for employment under the Government. If the fact that false information has been
furnished or that there has been suppression of any factual information comes to notice at anytime during my service,
my services would be liable to be terminated.
Candidate's Signature
Signed in my presence
Signature of the Chairman of the Board
PROFORMA-I
Report of the Medical Board on (name of candidate) Physical examination ..........................................
1. General development....... Good............ fair............ poor...........
Nutrition: ...................................................
Thin ........... Average ........... Chest ........... Height (without shoes) ...........
Weight............. ...........Best...............
Weight............... When?.........any recent change in weight?.......... Temperature...........
Girth of Chest:
(1) After full inspiration ..........................
(2) After full expiration..........................
2.Skin any obvious disease..........................
3. Eyes:
(1) Any disease ..........................
(2) Night blindness..........................
(3) Defect in colour vision..........................
(4) Field of vision..........................
(5) Visual acuity..........................
(6) Fundus examination..........................
+---------------+------------+-------------------------+--------+-----------+
| | Acquity | Naked eye | Strength of| Capacity |
| | of vision | with glasses glasses | | |
+===============+============+=========================+------------+-----------+
| Distant Vision| | | Sph. Cly.| Axis |
+---------------+------------+-------------------------+------------+-----------+
| R.E. | | | | |
+---------------+------------+-------------------------+------------+-----------+
| L.E. | | | | |
+---------------+------------+-------------------------+------------+-----------+
| Near Vision | | | | |
+---------------+------------+-------------------------+------------+-----------+
| R.E. | | | | |
+---------------+------------+-------------------------+------------+-----------+
| L.E. | | | | |
+---------------+------------+-------------------------+------------+-----------+
4. Ears: Inspection.......................... Hearing ..........................
Right Ear.......................... Left Ear ..........................
5. Glands .......................... Thyroid ..........................
6. Condition of teeth ..........................
7. Respiratory system : Does physical examination reveal anything abnormal in the respiratory organs ? If yes,
explain fully : ..........................
8. Circulatory System
(a) Heart : Any organic lesions? .......................... Rate ..........................
Standing..........................
After hopping 25 Times ..........................
2 minutes after hopping ..........................
(b) Blood Pressure Systolic..........................
Diastolic..........................
9. Abdomen: Girth.......................... Tenderness..........................
Hernia..........................
(a) Palpable: Liver.......................... Spleen..........................
Kidneys.......................... Tumours..........................
(b) Haemorrhoids.......................... Fistula..........................
10. Nervous System Indication of nervous of mental Disabilities ..........................
11. Loco-Motor System : Any abnormality ..........................
12. Genito Urinary System : Any evidence of varicocele, etc. Urine Analysis :
(a) Physical appearance..........................
(b) Sp. Gr. ..........................
(c) Albumen..........................
(d) Sugar..........................
(e) Casts..........................
13. Report of Screening/X-ray Examination of Chest ..........................
14. Is there anything in the health of the candidate likely to render him unfit for the efficient discharge of his
duties in the service for which he is a candidate?
Note : In case of female candidate, if it is found that she is pregnant of 12 weeks standing or over, she should be
declared temporarily unfit, vide regulation 9.
15. (i) Has he been found qualified in-all respect for the efficient and continuous discharge of his duties in the
Indian Economic Service/Indian Statistical Service?
(ii) Is the candidate fit for FIELD SERVICE ?
Note (I): The Board should record their findings under one of the following three categories:
(i) Fit ..........................
(ii) Unfit on account of..........................
(iii) Temporarily unfit on account of..........................
Note (II): The candidate has not undergone chest X-ray test. In view of this, the above findings are not final
and are subject to the report on chest X-ray test.
Place : ..........................
Date : .......................... Chairman
Signature Member
Member
Seal of the Medical Board
PROFORMA-II
Candidate's Statement/Declaration
To be filled-in by the Medical Board
1. State your Name
(in block letters) ..........................................
2. Roll No. ..........................................
Candidate's Signature
Signed in my presence
Signature of the Chairman of the Board
Note: The Board should record their findings under one of the following three categories in respect of chest X-ray
test of the candidate.
Name of the Candidate ..........................................
(i)Fit..........................
(ii)Unfit on account of..........................
(iii)Temporarily unfit on account of..........................
Place: ..........................
Date: .......................... Chairman
Signature Member
Member
Seal of the Medical Board
Appendix-IV
A list of Services Identified suitable for Persons with Benchmark Disability
along with the Functional Classifications and Physical Requirements
Indian Statistical Service
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| SI. | Functional Classification | Physical Requirements | Identified |
+=====+===========================+===================================+===================+
| a | Blindness (B) | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW (in Braille/| |
| | | software) | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | Low Vision (LV) | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW, SE (with | |
| | | appropriate aids) | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| b | Deaf (D) | SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW, SE | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | Hard of Hearing (HH) | H (with appropriate aids), SP, S, ST, W, MF, | |
| | | RW, SE | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| c | OA (One Arm affected), OL | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW, SE | |
| | (One leg affected), OLA | | |
| | (One arm and one leg | [Mobility should not be affected. Persons | |
| | affected), BL (Both leg | should be assessed with appropriate aids and | |
| | affected), DW (Dwarfism), | appliances]. | |
| | LC (Leprosy Cured), AAV | | |
| | (Acid Attack Victims) and | | |
| | CP (Cerebral Palsy) | | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| d | SLD (except dyscalculia) | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW, SE, N | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| e | Multiple Disability (MD) | involve the following:- | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | • Locomotor Disability | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW (for Blindness in | |
| | (excluding muscular | Braille/software), SE (for LV only)| |
| | dystrophy) with low vision| | |
| | or blindness i.e. OA with | | |
| | LV/B, OL with LV/B, OLA | | |
| | with LV/B, BL with LV/B, | | |
| | DW with LV/B, | | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | AAV with LV/B, LC with LV/B.| SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW, SE, H (for HH only)| |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | • Locomotor Disability | H (with appropriate aids), SP, S, ST, W, MF, | |
| | (excluding muscular | RW, SE (with appropriate aids) | |
| | dystrophy) with Deaf (D) | | |
| | or Hard of Hearing (HH) | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW, SE, N | |
| | i.e. OA with D/HH, OL with| | |
| | D/HH, OLA with D/HH, BL | [Mobility should not be affected. Persons | |
| | with D/HH, DW with D/HH, | should be assessed with appropriate aids and | |
| | AAV with D/HH, LC with | appliances]. | |
| | D/HH. | | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | • LV with HH | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW, SE (with | |
| | | appropriate aids), N | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | • SLD with LV | H (with appropriate aids), SP, S, ST, W, MF, | |
| | | RW, SE, N | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | • SLD with HH | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW (for Blindness in | |
| | | Braille/ software), SE (for LV only)| |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
| | • Locomotor Disability | | |
| | (excluding muscular | | |
| | dystrophy) with HH | | |
+-----+---------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------+
Note: H- Hearing, SP - Speaking, S - Sitting, ST - Standing, W – Walking, MF – Manipulation by fingers, RW –
Reading & Writing, SE - Seeing, OA - One Arm affected, OL - One Leg affected, OLA - One Leg One
Arm affected, N- Numerical calculation ability, C - Communication and BL - Both legs affected.
Indian Economic Service
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| Category for which | Functional Classification | Physical Requirements |
| identified | | |
+===================================+===========================+===================+
| (a) Blindness and Low Vision | Blindness (B) | MF, S, ST, W, C, H, SP, RW (in |
| | | Braille/software) |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| | Low Vision (LV) | MF, S, ST, W, C, H, SP, RW, SE with |
| | | appropriate aids) |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| (b) Deaf and Hard of Hearing | Deaf (D) | MF, S, ST, W, C, SP, RW, SE |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| | Hard of Hearing (HH) | MF, S, ST, W, C, SP, RW, SE, H (with |
| | | appropriate aids) |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| (c) Locomotor disability | OA (One Arm affected), OL | MF, S, ST, W, C, SP, RW, SE, Η |
| including cerebral palsy, | (One leg affected), OLA | |
| leprosy cured, dwarfism and | (One arm and one leg | [Mobility should not be affected. Persons |
| acid attack victims | affected), BL (Both leg | should be assessed with appropriate aids and |
| | affected), CP (Cerebral | appliances]. |
| | Palsy), DW (Dwarfism), LC | |
| | (Leprosy Cured), AAV (Acid| |
| | Attack Victims), SD (Spinal| |
| | Deformity) and SI (Spinal | |
| | Injury) without any | |
| | associated | |
| | neurological/limb | |
| | dysfunction | |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| (e) Multiple Disabilities | • Locomotor Disability | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW (for Blindness |
| (from amongst category (a) to | (excluding muscular | in Braille/ software), SE (for LV only) |
| (c) excluding cate-gory (d), | dystrophy) with low vision| |
| subject to the condition that | (LV) or blindness (B) i.e.| |
| the post shall not be | OA with LV/B, OL with | |
| earmarked for combination of | LV/B, OLA with LV/B, BL | |
| complete blindness under | with LV/B, DW with LV/B, | |
| category (a) and complete | AAV with LV/B, LC with | |
| deafness under category (b). | LV/B. | |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| | • Locomotor Disability | SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW, SE, H (for HH |
| | (excluding muscular | only) |
| | dystrophy) with Deaf (D) | |
| | or Hard of Hearing (HH) | H (with appropriate aids), SP, S, ST, W, |
| | i.e. OA with D/HH, OL with| MF, RW, SE (with appropriate aids)|
| | D/HH, OLA with D/HH, BL | |
| | with D/HH, DW with D/HH, | H, SP, S, ST, W, MF, RW (for Blindness |
| | AAV with D/HH, LC with | in Braille/ software), SE (for LV only)|
| | D/HH. | |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| | • LV with HH | |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| | • Locomotor Disability | |
| | (excluding muscular | |
| | dystrophy) with HH | |
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
Note: MF - Manipulation by fingers, S - Sitting, ST – Standing, W – Walking, C – Communication, H- Hearing, SP
- Speaking, RW – Reading & Writing, SE – Seeing, OA - One Arm affected, OL - One Leg affected, OLA -
One Leg One Arm affected and BL - Both legs affected SD (Spinal Deformity) and SI (Spinal Injury)
without any associated neurological/limb dysfunction.
Appendix - V
Certificate regarding physical limitation in an examinee to write
This is to certify that, I have examined Mr./Ms./Mrs.......................... (name of the
candidate with benchmark disability), a person with.......................... (nature and percentage of
disability as mentioned in the certificate of disability), S/o/D/o.......................... a resident of
.......................... (Village/District/ State) and to state that he/she has physical limitation which
hampers his/her writing capabilities owing to his/her disability.
Signature
Chief Medical Officer/Civil Surgeon /
Medical Superintendent of a Government Healt Care Institution.
Note: Certificate should be given by a specialist of the relevant stream/disability (eg. Visual Impairment
Ophthalmologist, Locomotor disability - Orthopaedic specialist/PMR).
Place: ..........................
Date: ..........................
Appendix - VI
Letter of Undertaking for Using Own Scribe
(To be filled by the candidates online to the Commission)
I, .........................., a candidate with.......................... (name of the disability) appearing for the
.......................... (name of the examination).......................... bearing Roll No.......................... at
.......................... (name of the centre) in the District .......................... (name of the State). My
qualification is ..........................
I do hereby state that .......................... (name of the scribe) will provide the service of
scribe/reader/lab assistant for the undersighned for taking the aforesaid examination.
I do hereby undertake that his qualification is .......................... In case, subsequently it is found
that his/her qualification is not as declared by the undersigned and is beyond my qualification, I shall forfeit
my right to the post and claims thereto.
(Signature of the candidates with Disability)
Place: ..........................
Date: ..........................
Appendix-VII
Certificate for person with specified disability covered under the definition of Section 2(s) of the RPwD Act,
2016 but not covered under the definition of Section 2(r) of the said Act, i.e. persons having less than 40%
disability and having difficulty in writing
This is to certify that, we have examined Mr./Ms./Mrs. .......................... (name of the
candidate), .......................... S/o/D/o .......................... a resident of ..........................
(Vill/PO/PS/District/State), aged .......................... yrs, a person
with .......................... (nature of disability/condition), and to state that he/she has limitation which
hampers his/her writing capability owing to his/her above condition. He/she requires support of scribe for writing
the examination.
2. The above candidate uses aids and assistive device such as prosthetics & orthotics, hearing aid (name to be
specified) which is /are essential for the candidate to appear at the examination, with the assistance of scribe.
3. This certificate is issued only for the purpose of appearing in written examinations conducted by recruitment
agencies as well as academic institutions and is valid upto .......................... (it is valid for maximum period of
six months or less as may be certified by the medical authority)
Signature of medical authority
+--------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
| (Signature & | (Signature & Name)| (Signature & | (Signature & Name) | (Signature & Name)|
| Name) | | Name) | | |
+====================+===================+===================+====================+===================+
| Orthopedic/ PMR | Clinical | Psychologist/ | Occupational | Other Expert, as |
| Specialist | Rehabilitation | Neurologist (if | therapist (if | nominated by |
| | Psychologist/Psychiatrist/| available) | available) | the Chairperson |
| | Special Educator | | | (if any) |
+--------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
| | (Signature & Name)| | | |
+--------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Chief Medical | Officer / Civil Surgeon / Chief District Medical Officer | Chairperson |
+--------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
Name of Government Hospital / Health Care Centre with seal
Place : ..........................
Date : ..........................
Appendix-VIII
Letter of Undertaking by the person with specified disability covered under the definition of Section 2(s) of the
RPwD Act, 2016 but not covered under the definition of Section 2(r) of the said Act, i.e. persons having less
than 40% disability and having difficulty in writing
I, .........................., a candidate with.......................... (nature of
disability/condition) appearing for the .......................... (name of the examination) bearing Roll
No.......................... at .......................... (name of the centre) in the District ..........................
(name of the state). My educational qualification is
..........................
2. I do hereby state that .......................... (name of the scribe) will provide the service of scribe
for the undersigned for taking the aforementioned examination.
3. I do hereby undertake that his/her qualification is .......................... In case, subsequently it is found that his
qualification is not as declared by the undersigned and is beyond my qualification, I shall forfeit my right to the
post or certificate/diploma/degree and claims relating thereto.
(Signature of the candidate)
Place: ..........................
Date: ..........................
Uploaded by Dte. of Printing at Government of India Press, Ring Road, Mayapuri, New Delhi-110064
and Published by the Controller of Publications, Delhi-110054.
GORAKHA NATH YADAVA Digitally signed by GORAKHA NATH YADAVA
Date: 2025.02.17 11:04:19 +0530