judgement of the Unlawful Activities Prevention Tribunal in the matter of Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen JKIM

REGD. No. D. L.-33004/99 The Gazette of India EXTRAORDINARY PART II—Section 3—Sub-section (ii) PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY No. 4105] NEW DELHI, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 2025/BHADRA 27, 1947 CG-DL-E-18092025-266242 MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS NOTIFICATION New Delhi, the 18th September, 2025 S.O. 4222(E).—Whereas, the Central Government in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (37 of 1967) (hereinafter referred to as the said Act), declared the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM) as an unlawful association, vide notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs, number S.O. 1114(E), dated the 11th March, 2025 (hereinafter referred to as the said notification) published in the Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part II, Section 3, Sub-section (ii), dated the 11th March, 2025; And, whereas, the Central Government in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 5 read with sub-section (1) of section 4 of the said Act constituted the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Tribunal (hereinafter referred to as the said Tribunal) consisting of Justice Sachin Datta, Judge, High Court of Delhi vide notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs, number S.O. 1577(E), dated the 3rd April, 2025, published in the Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part II, Section 3, Sub-section (ii), dated the 3rd April, 2025; And, whereas, the Central Government in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 4 of the said Act referred the said notification to the said Tribunal on 8th April, 2025 for the purpose of adjudicating whether or not there was sufficient cause for declaring the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM) as an unlawful association; And, whereas, the said Tribunal in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (3) of section 4 of the said Act, passed an order on 3rd September, 2025, confirming the declaration made in the said notification. Now, therefore, in pursuance of sub-section (4) of section 4 of the said Act, the Central Government hereby publishes the order of the said Tribunal, namely: - “UNLAWFUL ACTIVITIES (PREVENTION) TRIBUNAL, NEW DELHI Date of Decision: 03rd September, 2025 IN THE MATTER OF: Gazette Notification No. S.O. 1114(E) dated 11th March, 2025 declaring the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM) as unlawful association under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967. AND IN THE MATTER OF: Reference under Section 4(1) of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 made to this Tribunal by the Government of India through Ministry of Home Affairs vide Gazette Notification No. S.O. 1577 (E) dated 3rd April, 2025. Present: Ms. Aishwarya Bhati (ASG) along with Ms. Poornima Singh, Ms.Shreya Jain, Mr. Ketan Paul, Mr. Sharath N. Nambiar, Mr. Shantnu Sharma, Mr. Aakarsh Mishra and Mr. Arkaj Kumar, Advocates for Union of India. Mr. Parth Awasthi, Advocate, Advocate for Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir along with Mr. Suhaib Ashraf, Chief Prosecuting Officer, J&K. Mr. Ibrahim Hussain Wani and Ms. Divya Tripathi, Advocates for JKIM. Dr. Sumedh Kumar Sethi, Registrar (DHJS) Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Tribunal. Ms. Samridhi Vats, Ms. Sanjana Lal and Ms. Sanya Sikri, Law Researchers. Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, Asstt. Director, Mr. Antariksh Singh Rathore, Asstt. Commandant and Mr. Sameer Shukla, Asstt. Section Officer, Ministry of Home Affairs. ORDER 1. This order answers reference under Section 4(3) read with Section 3(3) of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Act’ or ‘UAPA’, for short) made to this Tribunal constituted vide Gazette Notification No. S.O.1577 (E) dated 3rd April, 2025 under Section 5(1) of the Act issued by the Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, for adjudicating whether or not there is sufficient cause for declaring Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen, (hereinafter referred to as ‘JKIM’ or ‘association’ or ‘organization’ in short) as an “unlawful association”. I. THE NOTIFICATION 2. The Central Government published Gazette Notification (extra-ordinary) No. S.O. 1114 (E) dated 11th March, 2025 in exercise of powers conferred under Section 3(1) of the Act and declared JKIM to be an “unlawful association”. A copy of the said notification has been sent to this Tribunal, as contemplated under Rule 5(i) of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Rules, 1968 (‘UAP Rules’ in short). The said notification dated 11th March, 2025 reads as under:- “S.O. 1114(E).— Whereas, the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (hereinafter referred to as the JKIM), chaired by Masroor Abbas Ansari is indulging in unlawful activities, which are prejudicial to the integrity, sovereignty and security of the country; And, whereas, members of the JKIM have remained involved in supporting terrorist activities and anti-India propaganda for fuelling secessionism in Jammu and Kashmir; And, whereas, the leaders and members of JKIM have been involved in mobilising funds for perpetrating unlawful activities, including supporting secessionist, separatist and terrorist activities in Jammu and Kashmir; And, whereas, the JKIM and its members by their activities show sheer disrespect towards the constitutional authority and constitutional set up of the country; And whereas, JKIM is involved in promoting and aiding the secession of Jammu and Kashmir from India by indulging in anti-national and subversive activities; sowing seeds of discontent among the people; inciting people to destabilise law and order; encouraging the use of arms to cause secession of Jammu and Kashmir from the Union of India and promoting hatred against the established Government; And, whereas, the Central Government is of the opinion that if there is no immediate curb or control of unlawful activities of the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM), it will use this opportunity to – (i) continue with the anti-national activities which are detrimental to the territorial integrity, security and sovereignty of the country; (ii) continue advocating the secession of Jammu and Kashmir from the Union of India while disputing its accession to the Union of India; and (iii) continue propagating false narrative and anti-national sentiments among the people of Jammu and Kashmir with the intention to cause disaffection against India and disrupt public order; And, whereas, the Central Government for the above mentioned reasons is firmly of the opinion that having regard to the activities of the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM), it is necessary to declare the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM) as an unlawful association with immediate effect; Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) ofsection 3 of the Unlawful Activities(Prevention) Act, 1967 (37 of 1967), the Central Government hereby declares the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM) as an unlawful association. The Central Government, having regard to the above circumstances, is of firm opinion that it is necessary to declare the Jammu and Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM) as an unlawful association with immediate effect, and accordingly, in exercise of the powers conferred by the proviso to sub-section (3) of section 3 of the said Act, the Central Government hereby directs that this notification shall, subject to any order that may be made under section 4 of the said Act, have effect for a period of five years from the date of its publication in the Official Gazette.” 3. As can be seen, the notification also enumerates the reasons/ circumstances, as contemplated under proviso to Section 3(3) of the Act, for declaring the association as unlawful, with immediate effect. II. THE BACKGROUND NOTE 4. Along with the reference to this Tribunal under Section 4 of the UAPA, the Central Government has submitted and filed before this Tribunal a background note, as contemplated under Rule 5(ii) of the UAP Rules, 1968. 5. The background note states that JKIM is a Pakistan backed separatist organisation, currently headed by Masroor Abbas Ansari. JKIM has been a founder constituent of All Party Hurriyat Conference (hereinafter referred to as ‘APHC’ for short) (conglomerate of separatist outfits) and very proactive in fuelling secessionism and organizing separatist activities in Jammu and Kashmir (hereinafter referred to as ‘J & K’ for short). 6. The background note gives a brief summary of the association and its activities which has been duly classified/ categorized hereunder. i. Organisational History 7. As per the background note, JKIM was founded by a religious cleric Abbas Ansari in 1962. JKIM’s founder Abbas Ansari was at the forefront in fueling and organizing anti-India protests in December 1963, which had erupted after the alleged theft of holy relic from Hazratbal shrine, Srinagar. Because of his participation in anti-India demonstrations, Abbas Ansari was detained for a short period. After release, he continued to propagate secessionist views to mobilize Kashmiris in favour of the ‘right of self-determination’. It is also mentioned that Abbas Ansari was Chairman of APHC in 2003 and after the split, JKIM remained with All Party Hurriyat Conference- Ansari (APHC-A) faction. Further, representative of JKIM in Pakistanis Mir Tahir Masood. After the death of Abbas Ansari, his son, Masroor Abbas Ansari became the full-fledged president of the association. ii. Leadership/Office Bearers of JKIM 8. As per the background note, JKIM has its central office located at Al-abbas Building, Medical College Road, Karanagar, Srinagar 190010, Jammu & Kashmir. Details of JKIM’s important prominent executives and office bearers are as under: +-----+---------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | Sl. | Name | Designation | Address | | No. | | | Present whereabouts | +=====+=====================+=========================================================+===============================+ | i. | Masroor Abbas Ansari| President | Khan Kai Sokhta, Nawakadal, | | | (56yrs) | | Police Station-Safakadal, | | | | | Srinagar | | | | | Presently, he is residing at | | | | | his own home. | +-----+---------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | ii. | Aga Syed Yousuf | Vice President (However, Ittihadul Muslimeen has now | Bota Kadal, Lal Bazaar, | | | | dismantled its core committee) | Srinagar o/r/o Devar, | | | | | Parihaspora, Pattan, | | | | | Baramulla | | | | | He is residing at Lal Bazaar, | | | | | Srinagar. | +-----+---------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | iii.| Syed Muzaffar Rizvi | Ex-General Secretary & spokesperson, [(He has joined | Mir Mohalla, Gundi Khawaja | | | | Jammu Kashmir Apni Party (JKAP)] in October, 2023) | Qasim, Pattan, Baramulla | | | | | He is residing at his own | | | | | home. | +-----+---------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | iv. | Ghulam Ahmad Malla | District President, Baramulla | Hanziyara, Pattan, Baramulla. | | | | | He is residing at his own | | | | | home. | +-----+---------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | v. | Mohd. Qasim Kawa | District President, Bandipora | Gulabpora, Kawapora Bala, | | | | | Police StationSumbal, | | | | | Bandipora | | | | | He is residing at his own | | | | | home. | +-----+---------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | vi. | Mohd. Shafi Wani | Office caretaker, Ex-District President, Srinagar | Chattabal, Safakadal, Srinagar| | | | | He is residing at his own | | | | | home. | +-----+---------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | vii.| Ghulam Hassan Mir | District President, Budgam | Panzoo, Beerwah, Police | | | | | Station Khag, Budgam | | | | | Currently at his own home. | +-----+---------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ iii. Separatist Activities Indicating Minacious Nexus with Cross-border Agencies /Establishments 9. The background note further states that JKIM has been giving impetus to the Pakistani narrative of propagating hatred and disaffection among the public of Jammu and Kashmir (hereinafter referred to as ‘J & K’ for short), against Indian state and perpetuating so called ‘resistance movement’ by spreading false narrative through literature, open letters, memoranda, press conferences, conferences, seminars and meetings etc. and by arranging, organizing and coordinating rallies, protest demonstrations, hartals, stone-pelting and other violent means with a larger objective to secede J & K from Union of India (hereinafter referred to as ‘UOI’, for short). It continues to call Kashmir as an ‘International dispute’, terms Kashmir as ‘Indian Occupied Kashmir’ and brands so called ‘Kashmir resistance’ as a religious movement, maintaining India as a ‘foreign occupant’. 10. As per the background note, JKIM advocates Shia-Sunni unity for getting ‘independence’ of Jammu & Kashmir from India. Association’s prime objective has been to secure so called ‘liberation’ and re-unification of Jammu & Kashmir, as it existed before 1947. In pursuance of its objective, the association in 1993 joined APHC as a founder member and continued separatist activities to fulfill the Pakistani agenda of generating feeling of hatred and disaffection against India; and severing Jammu & Kashmir from UOI. 11. Further, according to JKIM, J & K is a disputed territory and requires UN intervention. It considers Kashmir as the ‘unfinished agenda of partition’ and is working on the strategy to favour Pakistan’s claim on J&K. iv. Anti-national Activities indicating Terrorist Linkages 12. The background note further states that the people associated with this association have been glorifying terrorists, providing background support to terrorist outfits, propagating false narrative among masses, boycotting elections and inciting youth for violent activities. 13. Further, JKIM was opposed to the move of the Government of India to hold political process in Jammu & Kashmir. The association was involved in anti-election campaign along with other constituents of APHC. Abbas Ansari along with other Hurriyat leaders renewed their pledge to take forward the APHC’s separatist agenda towards so called ‘liberation’ of Jammu & Kashmir from India. 14. As per the background note, on the instruction of Mirwaiz Umar Farooq (Chairman, APHC-A), Abbas Ansari was at the fore front in organizing demonstrations of Shia solidarity with the ‘Separatist movement’ in September 2018 during celebration of Muharram where banners of Burhan Wani (Hizb-ul- Mujahideen Commander, who was killed in July 2016) were displayed by the Shia mourners. The banners were provided by Masroor Abbas Ansari with active support of Mirwaiz Umar Farooq. 15. It is stated that JKIM through various media outlets has been involved in anti-India and secessionist propaganda. Association’s ‘LinkedIn’ profile while promoting ‘freedom of Kashmir’ narrative calls for religion-based unity of masses. It further maintains that the people of the state are the sole masters of their mother land and are competent to determine the future status of their state. The profile stated that ‘freedom’ means people’sresistance to ‘forcible occupation’ of the State. 16. JKIM declares Kashmir issue as an unsettled international dispute which has threatened the very existence of Kashmiris as a nation besides endangering the peace and stability in South Asia. JKIM maintains that Jammu Kashmir State comprising ‘Indian occupied Kashmir’, Pakistani controlled parts i.e., ‘Azad Kashmir’ and Gilgit-Baltistan is geographically and politically one unit and no part of the state is constitutionally or legally a part of any country. While justifying the ‘Right to self-determination of Kashmiris’, JKIM quotes the UN resolutions on its posts reaffirming the right of people living under foreign occupation for self-determination in accordance with UN Charter and international law. 17. It is stated that the association has created its YouTube channel on 7th April 2009, available at http://www.youtube.com/@lttihadul, mostly containing video speeches by Masroor Abbas Ansari, through which JKIM continues to perpetuate secessionism, extends support to terrorists, incites the youth of Kashmir against India and vilifies India and its security forces. v. Criminal Cases against JKIM’s activists 18. As per the background note, complicity of JKIM cadres in criminal and anti-national activities is evident from the series of criminal cases that stand registered against them. Further, the cases registered against the JKIM activists/ members provide clinching evidence regarding their involvement in various unlawful activities. Details of the cases registered by the Government of J & K against JKIM, as mentioned in the background note, are given as under:- 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