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Gazette Tracker

Core Purpose

Publishes the Finance Act, 2025 to implement the Central Government's financial proposals for the financial year 2025-2026, amending various tax laws and related Acts.

Detailed Summary

The document enacts the Finance Act, 2025, giving effect to the Central Government's financial proposals for the financial year 2025-2026. It introduces extensive amendments across several key statutes, including the Income-tax Act, 1961, the Customs Act, 1962, the Customs Tariff Act, 1975, the Central Excise Act, 1944, and the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017. Significant changes include revisions to income tax rates and applicable surcharges, particularly for the assessment year commencing April 1, 2025. Amendments address the treatment of agricultural income, introduce new provisions for taxing virtual digital assets, modify rules for tax deduction and collection at source, revise assessment procedures, and establish or transition functions to Interim Boards for Settlement under Customs and Central Excise laws. Changes are also made to Customs Tariff rates for specific goods and new compliance requirements like a track and trace mechanism under GST are introduced. The Act retrospectively validates certain Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules and principles.

Full Text

REGISTERED NO. DL-(N)04/0007/2003-25 The Gazette of India CG-DL-E-29032025-262125 EXTRAORDINARY PART II Section 1 PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY No. 7] NEW DELHI, SATURDAY, MARCH 29, 2025/CHAITRA 8, 1947 (Saka) Separate paging is given to this Part in order that it may be filed as a separate compilation. MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE (Legislative Department) New Delhi, the 29th March, 2025/Chaitra 8, 1947 (Saka) The following Act of Parliament received the assent of the President on the 29th March, 2025 and is hereby published for general information:- THE FINANCE ACT, 2025 No. 7 OF 2025 [29th March, 2025.] An Act to give effect to the financial proposals of the Central Government for the financial year 2025-2026. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Seventy-sixth Year of the Republic of India as follows:- CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY 1. (1) This Act may be called the Finance Act, 2025. (2) Save as otherwise provided in this Act,— (a) sections 2 to 91, 104 to 120, 125 and 136 shall come into force on the 1st day of April, 2025; (b) sections 121 to 124 and sections 126 to 134 shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. CHAPTER II RATES OF INCOME-TAX Income-tax. 2. (1) Subject to the provisions of sub-sections (2) and (3), for the assessment year commencing on the 1st April, 2025, income-tax shall be charged at the rates specified in Part I of the First Schedule and such tax shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated in each case in the manner provided therein. (2) In the cases to which Paragraph A of Part I of the First Schedule applies, or in the cases where income is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (hereinafter referred to as the Income-tax Act) and, where the assessee has, in the previous year, any net agricultural income exceeding five thousand rupees, in addition to total income, and the total income exceeds two lakh fifty thousand rupees, then, — (a) the net agricultural income shall be taken into account, in the manner provided in clause (b) (that is to say, as if the net agricultural income were comprised in the total income after the first two lakh fifty thousand rupees of the total income but without being liable to tax), only for the purpose of charging income-tax in respect of the total income; and (b) the income-tax chargeable shall be computed as follows:- (i) the total income and the net agricultural income shall be aggregated and the amount of income-tax shall be determined in respect of the aggregate income at the rates specified in the said Paragraph A or sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC, as if such aggregate income were the total income; (ii) the net agricultural income shall be increased by a sum of two lakh fifty thousand rupees, and the amount of income-tax shall be determined in respect of the net agricultural income as so increased at the rates specified in the said Paragraph A or sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC, as if the net agricultural income as so increased were the total income; (iii) the amount of income-tax determined as per sub-clause (i) shall be reduced by the amount of income-tax determined as per sub-clause (ii) and the sum so arrived at shall be the income-tax in respect of the total income: Provided that in the case of every individual, being a resident in India, who is of the age of sixty years or more but less than eighty years at any time during the previous year, referred to in item (II) of Paragraph A of Part I of the First Schedule, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect as if for the words "two lakh fifty thousand rupees”, the words “three lakh rupees” had been substituted: Provided further that in the case of every individual, being a resident in India, who is of the age of eighty years or more at any time during the previous year, referred to in item (III) of Paragraph A of Part I of the First Schedule, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect as if for the words "two lakh fifty thousand rupees", the words “five lakh rupees" had been substituted: Provided also that in the cases where income is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect as if for the words “two lakh fifty thousand rupees", the words "three lakh rupees" had been substituted. (3) In cases to which the provisions of Chapter XII or Chapter XII-A or section 115JB or section 115JC or Chapter XII-FA or Chapter XII-FB or sub-section (1A) of section 161 or section 164 or section 164A or section 167B of the Income-tax Act apply, the tax chargeable shall be determined as provided in that Chapter or that section, and with reference to the rates imposed by sub-section (1) or the rates as specified in that Chapter or section, as the case may be: Provided that the amount of income-tax computed as per the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, as provided in Paragraph A, B, C, D or E, as the case may be, of Part I of the First Schedule, except in case of a domestic company whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAA or section 115BAB of the Income-tax Act or in case of an individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act whose income is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, or in case of co-operative society resident in India, whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAD or 115BAE of the Income-tax Act: Provided further that in respect of any income chargeable to tax under sections 115A, 115AB, 115AC, 115ACA, 115AD, 115B, 115BA, 115BB, 115BBA, 115BBC, 115BBF, 115BBG, 115BBH, 115BBI, 115BBJ, 115E, 115JB or 115JC of the Income-tax Act, the amount of income-tax computed under this sub-section shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated,- (a) in the case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons except in a case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, not having any income under section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, and not having any income chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act,- (i) having a total income exceeding fifty lakh rupees but not exceeding one crore rupees, at the rate of ten per cent. of such income-tax; (ii) having a total income exceeding one crore rupees, but not exceeding two crore rupees, at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax; (iii) having a total income exceeding two crore rupees, but not exceeding five crore rupees, at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such income-tax; and (iv) having a total income exceeding five crore rupees, at the rate of thirty-seven per cent. of such income-tax; (b) in the case of every individual or association of persons, except in a case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, having income under section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, and not having any income chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, - (i) having a total income exceeding fifty lakh rupees but not exceeding one crore rupees, at the rate of ten per cent. of such income-tax; (ii) having a total income exceeding one crore rupees, but not exceeding two crore rupees, at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax; (iii) having a total income [excluding the income by way of dividend or income of the nature referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act] exceeding two crore rupees but not exceeding five crore rupees, at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such income-tax; (iv) having a total income [excluding the income by way of dividend or income of the nature referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act] exceeding five crore rupees, at the rate of thirty-seven per cent. of such income-tax; and (v) having a total income [including the income by way of dividend or income of the nature referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act] exceeding two crore rupees, but is not covered in sub-clauses (iii) and (iv), at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in case where the total income includes any income by way of dividend or income chargeable under clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, the rate of surcharge on the income-tax calculated on that part of income shall not exceed fifteen per cent.; (c) in the case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, - (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds one crore rupees; (d) in the case of every co-operative society except a co-operative society whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAD or section 115BAE of the Income-tax Act,- (i) at the rate of seven per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds ten crore rupees; (e) in the case of every firm or local authority, at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds one crore rupees; (f) in the case of every domestic company except such domestic company whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAA or section 115BAB of the Income-tax Act,- (i) at the rate of seven per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds ten crore rupees; (g) in the case of every company, other than a domestic company, — (i) at the rate of two per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of five per cent. of such income-tax, where the total income exceeds ten crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of persons mentioned in (a) and (b) above, having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JC of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds, - (i) fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of fifty lakh rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds fifty lakh rupees; (ii) one crore rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees; (iii) two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of two crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds two crore rupees; (iv) five crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of five crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds five crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of association of persons mentioned in (c) above, having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JC of the Income-tax Act exceeds, (i) fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of fifty lakh rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds fifty lakh rupees; (ii) one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of a co-operative society mentioned in (d) above, having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JC of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds, — (i) one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees; (ii) ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of ten crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds ten crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of persons mentioned in (e) above, having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JC of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of every company having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JB of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax on such income and surcharge thereon, shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of every company having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JB of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax on such income and surcharge thereon, shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of ten crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds ten crore rupees: Provided also that in respect of any income chargeable to tax under clause (i) of sub-section (1) of section 115BBE of the Income-tax Act, the amount of income-tax computed under this sub-section shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such income-tax: Provided also that in case of every domestic company whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAA or section 115BAB of the Income-tax Act, the income-tax computed under this sub-section shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated at the rate of ten per cent. of such income-tax: Provided also that in respect of income chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, the income-tax computed under this sub-section shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated, in the case of an individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act,— (i) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding fifty lakh rupees but not exceeding one crore rupees, at the rate of ten per cent. of such income-tax; (ii) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding two crore rupees, at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax; (iii) having a total income (excluding the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding two crore rupees, at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such income-tax; and (iv) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding two crore rupees, but is not covered under clause (iii) above, at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax: Provided also that in case where the provisions of sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC are applicable and the total income includes any income by way of dividend or income chargeable under sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act, the rate of surcharge on the income-tax in respect of that part of income shall not exceed fifteen per cent.: Provided also that in case an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, and having its income chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC, the rate of surcharge on the income-tax shall not exceed fifteen per cent.: Provided also that in case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, having total income chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds, - (i) fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of fifty lakh rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds fifty lakh rupees; (ii) one crore rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees; (iii) two crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of two crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds two crore rupees: Provided also that in case of every co-operative society resident in India, whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAD or section 115BAE of the Income-tax Act, the income-tax computed under this sub-section shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated at the rate of ten per cent. of such income-tax: Provided also that in the case of a specified fund, referred to in clause (c) of the Explanation to clause (4D) of section 10 of the Income-tax Act, whose income includes any income under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, the income-tax computed on that part of income shall not be increased by any surcharge. (4) In cases in which tax has to be charged and paid under sub-section (2A) of section 92CE or section 115QA or section 115TD of the Income-tax Act, the tax shall be charged and paid at the rates as specified in those sections and shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated at the rate of twelve per cent. of such tax. (5) In cases in which tax has to be deducted under sections 193, 194A, 194B, 194BA, 194BB, 194D, 194LBA, 194LBB, 194LBC and 195 of the Income-tax Act, at the rates in force, the deductions shall be made at the rates specified in Part II of the First Schedule and shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated in cases wherever prescribed, in the manner provided therein. (6) In cases in which tax has to be deducted under sections 192A, 194, 194C, 194DA, 194E, 194EE, 194G, 194H, 194-I, 194-IA, 194-IB, 194-IC, 194J, 194LA, 194LB, 194LBA, 194LBB, 194LBC, 194LC, 194LD, 194K, 194M, 194N, 194-0, 194Q, 194R, 194S, 194T, 196A, 196B, 196C and 196D of the Income-tax Act, the deductions shall be made at the rates specified in those sections and shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, — (a) in the case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons, except in case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, being a non-resident except in case of deduction on income by way of dividend under section 196D of the Income-tax Act, calculated, - (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds one crore rupees; (iii) at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees; (iv) at the rate of thirty-seven per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds five crore rupees: Provided that where the income of such person is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, the rate of surcharge shall not exceed twenty-five per cent.; (b) in the case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons except in case of association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, being a non-resident, in case of deduction on income by way of dividend under section 196D of the Act, calculated,- (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds one crore rupees; (c) in the case of an association of persons being a non-resident, and consisting of only companies as its members, calculated, - (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds one crore rupees; (d) in the case of every co-operative society, being a non-resident, calculated,- (i) at the rate of seven per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of twelve per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds ten crore rupees; (e) in the case of every firm, being a non-resident, calculated at the rate of twelve per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds one crore rupees; (f) in the case of every company, other than a domestic company, calculated,- (i) at the rate of two per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of five per cent. of such tax, where the income or the aggregate of such incomes paid or likely to be paid and subject to the deduction exceeds ten crore rupees. (7) In cases in which tax has to be collected under the proviso to section 194B of the Income-tax Act, the collection shall be made at the rates specified in Part II of the First Schedule, and shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated, in cases wherever prescribed, in the manner provided therein. (8) In cases in which tax has to be collected under section 206C of the Income-tax Act, the collection shall be made at the rates specified in that section and shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union,— (a) in the case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons, except in case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, being a non-resident, calculated,- (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds one crore rupees; (iii) at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees; (iv) at the rate of thirty-seven per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds five crore rupees: Provided that where the income of such person is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, the rate of surcharge shall not exceed twenty-five per cent.; (b) in the case of an association of persons, being a non-resident, and consisting of only companies as its members, calculated, - (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds one crore rupees; (c) in the case of every co-operative society, being a non-resident, calculated,- (i) at the rate of seven per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of twelve per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds ten crore rupees; (d) in the case of every firm, being a non-resident, calculated at the rate of twelve per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds one crore rupees; (e) in the case of every company, other than a domestic company, calculated,- (i) at the rate of two per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of five per cent. of such tax, where the amount or the aggregate of such amounts collected or likely to be collected and subject to the collection exceeds ten crore rupees. (9) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (10), in cases in which income-tax has to be charged under sub-section (4) of section 172 or sub-section (2) of section 174 or section 174A or section 175 or sub-section (2) of section 176 of the Income-tax Act or deducted from, or paid on, income chargeable under the head "Salaries" under section 192 of the said Act or deducted under section 194P of the said Act or in which the "advance tax" payable under Chapter XVII-C of the said Act has to be computed at the rate or rates in force, such income-tax or, as the case may be, “advance tax" shall be charged, deducted or computed at the rate or rates specified in Part III of the First Schedule and such tax shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated in such cases and in such manner as provided therein: Provided that in cases to which the provisions of Chapter XII or Chapter XII-A or section 115JB or section 115JC or Chapter XII-FA or Chapter XII-FB or sub-section (IA) of section 161 or section 164 or section 164A or section 167B of the Income-tax Act apply, “advance tax” shall be computed with reference to the rates imposed by this sub-section or the rates as specified in that Chapter or section, as the case may be: Provided further that the amount of “advance tax" computed as per the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, as provided in Paragraph A, B, C, D or E, as the case may be, of Part III of the First Schedule except in case of a domestic company whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAA or section 115BAB of the Income-tax Act or in case of an individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act whose income is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, or in case of a co-operative society resident in India whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAD or 115BAE of the Income-tax Act: Provided also that in respect of any income chargeable to tax under sections 115A, 115AB, 115AC, 115ACA, 115AD, 115B, 115BA, 115BB, 115BBA, 115BBC, 115BBF, 115BBG, 115BBH, 115BBI, 115BBJ, 115E, 115JB or 115JC of the Income-tax Act, "advance tax" computed as per the first proviso shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated,- (a) in the case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons, except in a case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, not having any income under section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, and not having any income chargeable to tax under sub-section (IA) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, - (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees; (iii) at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such “advance tax", where the total income exceeds two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees; (iv) at the rate of thirty-seven per cent. of such “advance tax", where the total income exceeds five crore rupees; (b) in the case of every individual or association of persons, except in case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, having income under section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, and not having any income chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act,- (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees; (iii) at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income [excluding the income by way of dividend and income of the nature referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act] exceeds two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees; (iv) at the rate of thirty-seven per cent. of such “advance tax”, where the total income [excluding the income by way of dividend or income of the nature referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act] exceeds five crore rupees; (v) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such “advance tax”, where the total income [including the income by way of dividend or income of the nature referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act] exceeds two crore rupees but is not covered in sub-clauses (iii) and (iv): Provided that in case where the total income includes any income by way of dividend or income chargeable under clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, the rate of surcharge on the advance tax computed on that part of income shall not exceed fifteen per cent.; (c) in the case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members,- (i) at the rate of ten per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds one crore rupees; (d) in the case of every co-operative society except such co-operative society whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAD or section 115BAE of the Income-tax Act,- (i) at the rate of seven per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of twelve per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds ten crore rupees; (e) in the case of every firm or local authority at the rate of twelve per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds one crore rupees; (f) in the case of every domestic company except such domestic company whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAA or section 115BAB of the Income-tax Act,- (i) at the rate of seven per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of twelve per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds ten crore rupees; (g) in the case of every company, other than a domestic company, — (i) at the rate of two per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees; (ii) at the rate of five per cent. of such "advance tax", where the total income exceeds ten crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of persons mentioned in (a) and (b) above, having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JC of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds, - (i) fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees, the total amount payable as “advance tax” on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" on a total income of fifty lakh rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds fifty lakh rupees; (ii) one crore rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees, the total amount payable as “advance tax” on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as “advance tax" and surcharge on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees; (iii) two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees, the total amount payable as "advance tax" on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as “advance tax" and surcharge on a total income of two crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds two crore rupees; (iv) five crore rupees, the total amount payable as “advance tax" on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" and surcharge on a total income of five crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds five crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of association of persons mentioned in (c) above, having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JC of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds, - (i) fifty lakh rupees, but does not exceed one crore rupees, the total amount payable as “advance tax” on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" on a total income of fifty lakh rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds fifty lakh rupees; (ii) one crore rupees, the total amount payable as “advance tax" on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" and surcharge on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of a co-operative society mentioned in (d) above, having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JC of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds, — (i) one crore rupees, but does not exceed ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as “advance tax” on such income and surcharge thereon, shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees; (ii) ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as “advance tax" on such income and surcharge thereon, shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" and surcharge on a total income of ten crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds ten crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of persons mentioned in (e) above, having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JC of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds one crore rupees, the total amount payable as “advance tax" on such income and surcharge thereon, shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of every company having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JB of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as "advance tax" on such income and surcharge thereon, shall not exceed the total amount payable as “advance tax” on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided also that in the case of every company having total income chargeable to tax under section 115JB of the Income-tax Act, and such income exceeds ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as "advance tax" on such income and surcharge thereon, shall not exceed the total amount payable as “advance tax" and surcharge on a total income of ten crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds ten crore rupees: Provided also that in respect of any income chargeable to tax under clause (i) of sub-section (1) of section 115BBE of the Income-tax Act, the “advance tax" computed as per the first proviso shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such “advance tax": Provided also that in case of every domestic company whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAA or section 115BAB of the Income-tax Act, the "advance tax" computed as per the first proviso shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated at the rate of ten per cent. of such "advance tax": Provided also that in respect of income chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, the "advance tax" computed as per the first proviso shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated, in the case of an individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act,- (i) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding fifty lakh rupees but not exceeding one crore rupees, at the rate of ten per cent. of such “advance tax"; (ii) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding two crore rupees, at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such "advance tax"; (iii) having a total income (excluding the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding two crore rupees, at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such "advance tax"; and (iv) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding two crore rupees, but is not covered under clause (iii) above, at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such "advance tax": Provided also that in case where the provisions of sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC are applicable and the total income includes any income by way of dividend or income chargeable under sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act, the rate of surcharge on the "advance tax" in respect of that part of income shall not exceed fifteen per cent.: Provided also that in case an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, and having its income chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC, the rate of surcharge on the “advance tax” shall not exceed fifteen per cent.: Provided also that in case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons, or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, whose income is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act having total income exceeding, — (i) fifty lakh rupees but does not exceed one crore rupees, the total amount payable as "advance tax” on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" on a total income of fifty lakh rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds fifty lakh rupees; (ii) one crore rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees, the total amount payable as "advance tax” on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as “advance tax" and surcharge on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees; (iii) two crore rupees, the total amount payable as "advance tax" on such income and surcharge thereon shall not exceed the total amount payable as "advance tax" and surcharge on a total income of two crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds two crore rupees: Provided also that in case of every co-operative society resident in India whose income is chargeable to tax under section 115BAD or section 115BAE of the Income-tax Act, the “advance tax" computed as per the first proviso shall be increased by a surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated at the rate of ten per cent. of such "advance tax": Provided also that in the case of a specified fund, referred to in clause (c) of the Explanation to clause (4D) of section 10 of the Income-tax Act, whose income includes any income under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, the advance tax computed on that part of income shall not be increased by any surcharge. (10) In cases to which Paragraph A of Part III of the First Schedule applies, or in cases where income is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, where the assessee has, in the previous year or, if by virtue of any provision of the Income-tax Act, income-tax is to be charged in respect of the income of a period other than the previous year, in such other period, any net agricultural income exceeding five thousand rupees, in addition to total income and the total income exceeds two lakh fifty thousand rupees, then, in charging income-tax under sub-section (2) of section 174 or section 174A or section 175 or sub-section (2) of section 176 of the said Act or in computing the “advance tax" payable under Chapter XVII-C of the said Act, at the rate or rates in force, — (a) the net agricultural income shall be taken into account, in the manner provided in clause (b) that is to say, as if the net agricultural income were comprised in the total income after the first two lakh fifty thousand rupees of the total income but without being liable to tax, only for the purpose of charging or computing such income-tax or, as the case may be, "advance tax" in respect of the total income; and (b) such income-tax or, as the case may be, "advance tax" shall be so charged or computed as follows:— (i) the total income and the net agricultural income shall be aggregated and the amount of income-tax or “advance tax" shall be determined in respect of the aggregate income at the rates specified in the said Paragraph A, or sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC, as if such aggregate income were the total income; (ii) the net agricultural income shall be increased by a sum of two lakh fifty thousand rupees, and the amount of income-tax or "advance tax" shall be determined in respect of the net agricultural income as so increased at the rates specified in the said Paragraph A, or sub-section (IA) of section 115BAC, as if the net agricultural income were the total income; (iii) the amount of income-tax or “advance tax” determined as per sub-clause (i) shall be reduced by the amount of income-tax or, as the case may be, "advance tax" determined as per sub-clause (ii) and the sum so arrived at shall be the income-tax or, as the case may be, "advance tax" in respect of the total income: Provided that in the case of every individual, being a resident in India, who is of the age of sixty years or more but less than eighty years at any time during the previous year, referred to in item (II) of Paragraph A of Part III of the First Schedule, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect as if for the words “two lakh fifty thousand rupees”, the words “three lakh rupees” had been substituted: Provided further that in the case of every individual, being a resident in India, who is of the age of eighty years or more at any time during the previous year, referred to in item (III) of Paragraph A of Part III of the First Schedule, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect as if for the words "two lakh fifty thousand rupees”, the words “five lakh rupees” had been substituted: Provided also that in the cases where income is chargeable to tax under sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect as if for the words “two lakh fifty thousand rupees", the words "four lakh rupees" had been substituted: Provided also that the amount of income-tax or “advance tax" so arrived at, shall be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union, calculated in each case, in the manner provided in this section. (11) The amount of income-tax as specified in sub-sections (1) to (3) and as increased by the applicable surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated in the manner provided therein, shall be further increased by an additional surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, to be called the “Health and Education Cess on income-tax", calculated at the rate of four per cent. of such income-tax and surcharge so as to fulfil the commitment of the Government to provide and finance quality health services and universalised quality basic education and secondary and higher education. (12) The amount of income-tax as specified in sub-sections (4) to (10) and as increased by the applicable surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, calculated in the manner provided therein, shall be further increased by an additional surcharge, for the purposes of the Union, to be called the “Health and Education Cess on income-tax", calculated at the rate of four per cent. of such income-tax and surcharge so as to fulfil the commitment of the Government to provide and finance quality health services and universalised quality basic education and secondary and higher education: Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall apply to cases in which tax is to be deducted or collected under the sections of the Income-tax Act mentioned in sub-sections (5), (6), (7) and (8), if the income subjected to deduction of tax at source or collection of tax at source is paid to a domestic company and any other person who is resident in India: Provided further that nothing contained in this sub-section shall apply in respect of income-tax as specified in sub-section (9), calculated on income, referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, of specified fund referred to in clause (c) of the Explanation to clause (4D) of section 10 of the Income-tax Act. (13) For the purposes of this section and the First Schedule,- (a) "domestic company" means an Indian company or any other company which, in respect of its income liable to income-tax under the Income-tax Act, for the assessment year commencing on the 1st April, 2025, has made the prescribed arrangements for the declaration and payment within India of the dividends (including dividends on preference shares) payable out of such income; (b) "insurance commission” means any remuneration or reward, whether by way of commission or otherwise, for soliciting or procuring insurance business (including business relating to the continuance, renewal or revival of policies of insurance); (c) "net agricultural income" in relation to a person, means the total amount of agricultural income, from whatever source derived, of that person computed as per the rules contained in Part IV of the First Schedule; (d) all other words and expressions used in this section and the First Schedule but not defined in this sub-section and defined in the Income-tax Act shall have the meanings, respectively, assigned to them in that Act. CHAPTER III DIRECT TAXES Income-tax Amendment of section 2. 3. In section 2 of the Income-tax Act,- (a) in clause (14), with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (i) for sub-clause (b), the following sub-clause shall be substituted, namely:- "(b) any securities held by- (i) a Foreign Institutional investor which has invested in such securities in accordance with the regulations made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992; or (ii) an investment fund specified in clause (a) of Explanation 1 to section 115UB which has invested such securities in accordance with the provisions of the regulations made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 or under the International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2019;"; (ii) in sub-clause (c), the words “on account of the applicability of the fourth and fifth provisos thereof" shall be omitted; (b) in clause (22),— (i) in the long line, after sub-clause (ii), the following sub-clause shall be inserted, namely:- '(iia) any advance or loan between two group entities, where,- (A) one of the group entity is a “Finance Company" or a "Finance Unit"; and (B) the parent entity or principal entity of such group is listed on stock exchange in a country or territory outside India other than the country or territory outside India as may be specified by the Board in this behalf;'; (ii) in Explanation 3, after clause (b), the following clauses shall be inserted, namely:- '(c) "Finance Company” and “Finance Unit” shall have the same meaning as assigned respectively to them in clauses (e) and (f) of sub-regulation (1) of regulation 2 of the International Financial Services Centres Authority (Finance Company) Regulations, 2021 made under the International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2019: Provided that such Finance Company or Finance Unit, is set up as a global or regional corporate treasury centre for undertaking treasury activities or treasury services as per the relevant regulations made by the International Financial Services Centres Authority established under section 4 of the said Act; (d) "group entity", "parent entity" and "principal entity" shall be such entities which satisfy such conditions as prescribed in this behalf.'; (c) in clause (474), after sub-clause (c) and before the proviso, the following sub-clause shall be inserted with effect from the 1st April, 2026, namely:- "(d) any crypto-asset being a digital representation of value that relies on a cryptographically secured distributed ledger or a similar technology to validate and secure transactions, whether or not such asset is included in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) or sub-clause (c):". Amendment of section 9. 4. In section 9 of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (a) in clause (i), in the Explanation 2A, after the first proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided further that the transactions or activities which are confined to the purchase of goods in India for the purpose of export shall not constitute significant economic presence in India:"; (b) in the second proviso, for the words “Provided further”, the words "Provided also" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 9A. 5. In section 9A of the Income-tax Act, - (a) in sub-section (3), in clause (c),— (i) the words "or indirectly” shall be omitted; (ii) after the words "the corpus of the fund", the words "as on the first day of April and the first day of October of the previous year" shall be inserted; (iii) after the proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided further that where the said aggregate participation or investment in the fund exceeds five per cent. on the first day of April or the first day of October of the previous year, the condition mentioned in this clause shall be deemed to be satisfied, if it is satisfied within four months of the first day of April or the first day of October of such previous year, as the case may be;"; (b) in sub-section (8A), for the figures "2024", the figures “2030” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 10. 6. In section 10 of the Income-tax Act,- (a) in clause (4D), in the Explanation,— (i) in clause (aa), for the figures “2025”, the figures “2030” shall be substituted; (ii) in clause (c),— (A) in sub-clause (i), in item (I), for sub-item (b), the following sub-item shall be substituted, namely:- "(b) which has been granted a certificate as a retail scheme or an Exchange Traded Fund and satisfies the conditions laid down for such schemes or funds under the International Financial Services Centres Authority (Fund Management) Regulations, 2022, made under the International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2019."; (B) in sub-clause (ii), in item (I), for the figures "2025", the figures "2030" shall be substituted; (b) in clause (4E), with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (i) in sub-clause (ii), after the words "offshore derivative instruments", the words "or over-the-counter derivatives" shall be inserted; (ii) in the long line, after the word, figures and letters "section 80LA", the words "or any Foreign Portfolio Investor being a unit of an International Financial Services Centre" shall be inserted; (iii) the following Explanation shall be inserted, namely:— ‘Explanation.- For the purposes of this clause, “Foreign Portfolio Investor” means a person registered under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Foreign Portfolio Investors) Regulations, 2019 made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992;'; (c) in clause (4F), for the figures "2025", the figures "2030" shall be substituted; (d) in clause (4H),— (i) in the opening portion,— (A) for the word “aircraft” at both the places where it occurs, the words "aircraft or a ship” shall be substituted; (B) for the figures "2026", the figures “2030" shall be substituted; (ii) for the Explanation, the following Explanation shall be substituted, namely:- ‘Explanation. For the purposes of this clause, — (a) "aircraft" means an aircraft or a helicopter, or an engine of an aircraft or a helicopter, or any part thereof; (b) "ship” means a ship or an ocean vessel, engine of a ship or ocean vessel, or any part thereof;'; (e) in clause (10D), for the eighth proviso, the following proviso shall be substituted, namely:- 'Provided also that the provisions of the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh provisos shall not apply to any sum received— (a) on the death of a person; or (b) under a life insurance policy issued by the International Financial Services Centre insurance office, including the sum allocated by way of bonus on such policy. Explanation. For the purposes of this proviso, “International Financial Services Centre insurance office" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in clause (k) of sub-regulation (1) of regulation 3 of the International Financial Services Centres Authority (Insurance Intermediary) Regulations, 2021, made under the International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2019:'; (f) after clause (12B), the following clause shall be inserted with effect from the 1st April, 2026, namely:- "(12BA) any payment from the National Pension System Trust to an assessee, being the parent or guardian of a minor, under the pension scheme referred to in section 80CCD, on partial withdrawal made out of the account of the minor, as per the terms and conditions, specified under the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 2013 and the regulations made thereunder, to the extent it does not exceed twenty-five per cent. of the amount of contributions made by him;"; (g) in clause (23FE),— (i) in the opening portion, after the words "long-term capital gains", the brackets, words, figures and letters "(whether or not such capital gains are deemed as short-term capital gains under section 50AA)" shall be inserted; (ii) in sub-clause (i), for the figures "2025", the figures “2030" shall be substituted; (h) in clause (34B),— (i) for the word “aircraft” at both the places where it occurs, the words "aircraft or a ship” shall be substituted; (ii) for the Explanation, the following Explanation shall be substituted, namely:- ‘Explanation. For the purposes of this clause,— (a) "aircraft" means an aircraft or a helicopter, or an engine of an aircraft or a helicopter, or any part thereof; (b) "International Financial Services Centre" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in clause (q) of section 2 of the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005; (c) "ship" means a ship or an ocean vessel, engine of a ship or ocean vessel, or any part thereof;'; (i) in clause (50), after the long line and before Explanation 1, the following proviso shall be inserted with effect from the 1st day of April, 2025, namely:- "Provided that the provisions of this clause shall not apply to any income of the previous year relevant to the assessment year beginning on or after the 1st day of April, 2026.". Amendment of section 12AB. 7. In section 12AB of the Income-tax Act,- (a) in sub-section (1), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— 'Provided that where an application is made under sub-clauses (i) to (v) of the said clause, and the total income of such trust or institution, without giving effect to the provisions of sections 11 and 12, does not exceed rupees five crores during each of the two previous years, preceding the previous year in which such application is made, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect as if for the words "five years", the words "ten years” had been substituted.'; (b) in sub-section (4), in the Explanation, in clause (g), the words “is not complete or it" shall be omitted. Amendment of section 13. 8. In section 13 of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (3), — (i) for clause (b), the following clause shall be substituted, namely:- "(b) any person whose total contribution to the trust or institution, during the relevant previous year exceeds one lakh rupees, or, in aggregate up to the end of the relevant previous year exceeds ten lakh rupees, as the case may be;"; (ii) in clause (d), the word "person," shall be omitted; (iii) in clause (e), the brackets and letter “(b),” shall be omitted. Amendment of section 17. 9. In section 17 of the Income-tax Act, in clause (2), with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (a) in sub-clause (iii), in paragraph (c), for the words “fifty thousand rupees", the words “such amount as may be prescribed” shall be substituted; (b) in the proviso occurring after sub-clause (viii), in clause (vi), in the long line, in clause (B), for the words “two lakh rupees", the words "such amount as may be prescribed" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 23. 10. In section 23 of the Income-tax Act, for sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be substituted, namely:- "(2) The annual value of the property consisting of a house or any part thereof shall be taken as nil, if the owner occupies it for his own residence or cannot actually occupy it due to any reason.”. Insertion of new section 44BBD. Special provision for computing profits and gains of non-residents engaged in business of providing services or technology for setting up an electronics manufacturing facility or in connection with manufacturing or producing electronic goods, article or thing in India. 11. After section 44BBC of the Income-tax Act, the following section shall be inserted, with effect from the 1st April, 2026, namely:- '44BBD. (1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in sections 28 to 43A, where an assessee, being a non-resident, engaged in the business of providing services or technology in India, for the purposes of setting up an electronics manufacturing facility or in connection with manufacturing or producing electronic goods, article or thing in India- (a) to a resident company which is establishing or operating electronics manufacturing facility or a connected facility for manufacturing or producing electronic goods, article or thing in India, under a scheme notified by the Central Government in the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology; and (b) the resident company satisfies the conditions prescribed in this behalf, a sum equal to twenty-five per cent. of the aggregate of the amounts specified in sub-section (2) shall be deemed to be the profits and gains of such business of the non-resident assessee chargeable to tax under the head “Profits and gains of business or profession". (2) The amounts referred to in sub-section (1) shall be the following:— (a) the amount paid or payable to the non-resident assessee or to any person on his behalf on account of providing services or technology; and (b) the amount received or deemed to be received by the non-resident assessee or on behalf of non-resident assessee on account of providing services or technology: Provided that the provisions of section 44DA or section 115A shall not apply in respect of the amounts referred to in this sub-section. (3) Notwithstanding anything in sub-section (2) of section 32 and sub-section (1) of section 72, where a non-resident assessee declares profits and gains of business for any previous year under sub-section (1), no set off of unabsorbed depreciation and brought forward loss shall be allowed to the assessee for such previous year.'. Amendment of section 45. 12. In section 45 of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1B), the words "on account of the applicability of the fourth and fifth provisos thereof” shall be omitted with effect from the 1st April, 2026. Amendment of section 47. 13. In section 47 of the Income-tax Act, in clause (viiad), in the Explanation, — (i) for clause (c), the following clause shall be substituted with effect from the 1st April, 2026, namely:- '(c) "resultant fund" means a fund established or incorporated in India in the form of a trust or a company or a limited liability partnership, which is located in an International Financial Services Centre as referred to in sub-section (1A) of section 80LA, and has been granted a certificate of registration as a Category I or Category II or Category III Alternative Investment Fund or a certificate as a retail scheme or as an Exchange Traded Fund, and is regulated under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 or regulated under the International Financial Services Centres Authority (Fund Management) Regulations, 2022 made under the International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2019; (ii) in clause (b), for the figures "2025", the figures “2030” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 72A. 14. In section 72A of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026, — (i) after sub-section (6A), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(6B) Where any amalgamation or business reorganisation, as the case may be, is effected on or after the 1st April, 2025, any loss forming part of the accumulated loss of the predecessor entity under sub-section (1), (6) or (64), being- (a) the amalgamating company; or (b) the firm or proprietary concern; or (c) the private company or unlisted public company, as the case may be, which is deemed to be the loss of the successor entity, being- (i) the amalgamated company; or (ii) the successor company; or (iii) the successor limited liability partnership, as the case may be, shall be carried forward in the hands of the successor entity for not more than eight assessment years immediately succeeding the assessment year for which such loss was first computed for original predecessor entity."; (ii) in sub-section (7), after clause (aa), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- '(ab) "original predecessor entity" means predecessor entity in respect of the first amalgamation under sub-section (1) or first business reorganisation under sub-section (6) or (6A);'. Amendment of section 72AA. 15. In section 72AA of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (i) the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that where any scheme of such amalgamation is brought into force on or after the 1st April, 2025, any loss forming part of the accumulated loss of the predecessor entity, being- (a) the banking company or companies; or (b) the amalgamating corresponding new bank or banks; or (c) the amalgamating Government company or companies, as the case may be, which is deemed to be the loss of the successor entity, being- (i) the banking institution or company; or (ii) the amalgamated corresponding new bank or banks; or (iii) the amalgamated Government company or companies, as the case may be, shall be carried forward in the hands of the successor entity for not more than eight assessment years immediately succeeding the assessment year for which such loss was first computed for original predecessor entity."; (ii) in the Explanation, after clause (vii), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— ‘(viii) “original predecessor entity" means predecessor entity in respect of the first amalgamation.'. Amendment of section 80CCA. 16. In section 80CCA of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), after the first proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 29th August, 2024, namely:- "Provided further that the amount referred to in clause (a) which is withdrawn on or after the 29th August, 2024, shall not be charged to tax in the case of an assessee, being an individual.". Amendment of section 80CCD. 17. In section 80CCD of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026,- (a) in sub-section (1B), after the proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided further that the deduction under this sub-section shall also be allowed, where any payment or deposit is made to the account of a minor under the pension scheme referred to in the said sub-section, by the assessee, being the parent or guardian of such minor, subject to the condition that the aggregate amount of deduction under this sub-section shall not exceed fifty thousand rupees."; (b) in sub-section (3), — (i) in the opening portion, for the words “in his account", the words "or a minor, in his account or the account of a minor, as the case may be," shall be substituted; (ii) after the proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided further that the amount received by a person, being the parent or guardian or nominee of a minor, on account of closure of the pension scheme referred to in sub-section (IB) due to the death of the minor, shall not be deemed to be the income of such person."; (c) in sub-section (4), in the opening portion, after the words “Where any amount paid or deposited by the assessee", the words “in his account or the account of a minor" shall be inserted. Amendment of section 80-IAC. 18. In section 80-IAC of the Income-tax Act, in the Explanation, in clause (ii), in sub-clause (a), for the figures "2025", the figures "2030” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 80LA. 19. In section 80LA of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), in clause (d), for the figures "2025", the figures "2030” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 87A. 20. In section 87A of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026, — (a) in the proviso,— (i) in clause (a),— (1) for the words “seven hundred thousand rupees", the words "twelve hundred thousand rupees" shall be substituted; (II) for the words “twenty-five thousand rupees", the words "sixty thousand rupees" shall be substituted; (ii) in clause (b), for the words “seven hundred thousand rupees" at both the places where they occur, the words "twelve hundred thousand rupees" shall be substituted; (b) after the proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided further that the deduction under the first proviso, shall not exceed the amount of income-tax payable as per the rates provided in sub-section (1A) of section 115BAC.". Amendment of section 92CA. 21. In section 92CA of the Income-tax Act, - (a) with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (i) in sub-section (1), the following provisos shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that no reference for computation of the arm's length price in relation to an international transaction or a specified domestic transaction shall be made, if the Transfer Pricing Officer has declared that option exercised by the assessee in sub-section (3B) in relation to such transaction is valid for such previous year: Provided further that if any reference for an international transaction or a specified domestic transaction, in respect of a previous year, for which the option is declared valid under sub-section (3B) is made before or after such declaration by the Transfer Pricing Officer, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect as if no reference is made for such transaction."; (ii) after sub-section (3A), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(3B) The arm's length price, being determined in relation to the international transaction or the specified domestic transaction under sub-section (3) for any previous year shall apply to similar international transaction or specified domestic transaction for the two consecutive previous years immediately following such previous year, on fulfilment of the following conditions, namely:- (a) the assesee exercises an option or options to the above effect for the said two consecutive previous years; (b) such option or options are exercised in such form, manner and within such period as prescribed; and (c) the Transfer Pricing Officer shall, within one month from the end of the month in which such option or options are exercised, by an order in writing, declare that such option or options are valid subject to the conditions, as prescribed: Provided that the provisions of this sub-section shall not apply to any proceedings under Chapter XIV-B."; (iii) after sub-section (4), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(44) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (4), where the Transfer Pricing Officer has declared an option exercised by the assessee as valid option under sub-section (3B), he shall examine and determine the arm's length price in relation to such similar transaction for two consecutive previous years immediately following such previous year, in the order referred to in sub-section (3) and on receipt of such order, the Assessing Officer shall proceed to recompute the total income of the assessee for the said two consecutive previous years as per the provisions of sub-section (21) of section 155.”; (b) in sub-section (9), the proviso shall be omitted; (c) after sub-section (10), the following sub-sections shall be inserted with effect from the 1st April, 2026, namely:— "(11) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of sub-sections (3B) and (4A), the Board may, with the previous approval of the Central Government, issue guidelines for the purpose of removing such difficulty: Provided that no such guideline shall be made after the expiration of two years from the 1st April, 2026. (12) Every guideline issued by the Board under sub-section (11) shall be laid before each House of Parliament while it is in session for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both houses agree in making any modification in such guideline or both Houses agree that the guideline, should not be issued, the guideline shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that guideline.". Amendment of section 112A. 22. In section 112A of the Income-tax Act, in the Explanation, in clause (a), with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (a) in the opening portion, the words “on account of the applicability of the fourth and fifth provisos thereof” shall be omitted; (b) in the second proviso, the words “on account of the applicability of the fourth and fifth provisos thereof" shall be omitted. Amendment of section 113. 23. In section 113 of the Income-tax Act, after the word "total", the word "undisclosed" shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 1st day of September, 2024. Amendment of section 115AD. 24. In section 115AD of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), in clause (iii), in the long line, for the words "ten per cent.", the words "twelve and one-half per cent." shall be substituted with effect from the 1st April, 2026. Amendment of section 115BAC. 25. In section 115BAC of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1A), with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (a) in clause (ii), the words “or after" shall be omitted; (b) after clause (ii), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- "(iii) for any previous year relevant to the assessment year beginning on or after the 1st April, 2026, shall be computed at the rate of tax given in the following Table, namely:— Table +-----+--------------------+----------------+ | Sl. No.| Total income | Rate of tax | | (1) | (2) | (3) | +=====+====================+================+ | 1. | Upto Rs. 4,00,000 | Nil | +-----+--------------------+----------------+ | 2. | From Rs. 4,00,001 to Rs. 8,00,000 | 5 per cent. | +-----+--------------------+----------------+ | 3. | From Rs. 8,00,001 to Rs. 12,00,000| 10 per cent. | +-----+--------------------+----------------+ | 4. | From Rs. 12,00,001 to Rs. 16,00,000| 15 per cent. | +-----+--------------------+----------------+ | 5. | From Rs. 16,00,001 to Rs. 20,00,000| 20 per cent. | +-----+--------------------+----------------+ | 6. | From Rs. 20,00,001 to Rs. 24,00,000| 25 per cent. | +-----+--------------------+----------------+ | 7. | Above Rs. 24,00,000| 30 per cent.". | +-----+--------------------+----------------+ Amendment of section 115UA. 26. In section 115UA of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), for the words, figures and letter "section 111A and section 112", the words, figures and letters "sections 111A, 112 and 112A" shall be substituted with effect from the 1st April, 2026. Amendment of section 115V. 27. In section 115V of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026, — (i) in clauses (a), (b), (f) and (h), for the word "ship", the words "ship or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be substituted; (ii) after clause (e), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- '(ea) "inland vessel" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in clause (q) of section 3 of the Inland Vessels Act, 2021;'. Amendment of section 115VB. 28. In section 115VB of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (a) after the words "any ship", the words "or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (b) after the words "the ship", the words "or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (c) in the proviso, after the words "a ship", the words “or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted. Amendment of section 115VD. 29. In section 115VD of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026, — (i) after the words "Chapter, a ship", the words “or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (ii) in clause (a), after the words “or vessel", the words “, or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (iii) in clause (b), after the words and figures "section 407 of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958", the words and figures “or an inland vessel registered under the Inland Vessels Act, 2021, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (iv) in clause (c), after the words "such ship", the words "or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (v) after the long line, in clause (i), after the words “or vessel", the words "or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted. Amendment of section 115VG. 30. In section 115VG of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (4), after the words "a ship", the words “or inland vessel, as the case may be,” shall be inserted with effect from the 1st April, 2026. Amendment of section 115V-I. 31. In section 115V-I of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026, — (a) in sub-section (2), in clause (ii),— (i) for the words “other ship-related activities”, the words “other ship-related or inland vessel related activities, as the case may be," shall be substituted; (ii) in sub-clause (A), in the Explanation, in clause (a), after the words "more ships", the words “or inland vessels, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (b) in sub-section (6), after the words “any ship”, the words “or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted. Amendment of section 115VK. 32. In section 115VK of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), after the words "being ships", the words “or inland vessels, as the case may be" shall be inserted with effect from the 1st April, 2026. Amendment of section 115VP. 33. In section 115VP of the Income-tax Act, after sub-section (4), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided that for an application received under sub-section (1) on or after the 1st April, 2025, order under sub-section (3) shall be passed before the expiry of three months from the end of the quarter in which such application was received.". Amendment of section 115VT. 34. In section 115VT of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (i) in sub-section (3), after the words "new ship" at both the places where they occur, the words "or new inland vessel, as the case may be" shall be inserted; (ii) in sub-section (4), in clause (c), for the words, brackets, letter and figure "as specified in clause (a) of sub-section (3), but such ship", the words, brackets, letter and figure “or new inland vessel, as the case may be, as specified in clause (a) of sub-section (3), but such ship or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be substituted; (iii) in the Explanation, for the words “section, “new ship” includes', the words 'section, “new ship or new inland vessel", as the case may be, includes' shall be substituted. Amendment of section 115VV. 35. In section 115VV of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st April, 2026, — (a) in sub-section (4), for the words "chartered in", the words "or inland vessels, as the case may be, chartered in" shall be substituted; (b) in the Explanation, after the words "a ship", the words “or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted. Amendment of section 115VX. 36. In section 115VX of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (i) in clause (a), after the words “a ship”, the words “or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (ii) in clause (b), after sub-clause (ii), the following sub-clause shall be inserted, namely:- "(iii) in case of inland vessel registered in India, a certificate issued under the Inland Vessels Act, 2021.". Amendment of section 115VZA. 37. In section 115VZA of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), with effect from the 1st April, 2026,— (a) after the words "a ship", the words "or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted; (b) after the words "such ship", the words "or inland vessel, as the case may be," shall be inserted. Amendment of section 132. 38. In section 132 of the Income-tax Act,— (a) in sub-section (8), for the words “thirty days from the date of the order of assessment or reassessment or recomputation", the words “one month from the end of the quarter in which the order of assessment or reassessment or recomputation is made” shall be substituted; (b) in Explanation 1, in the opening portion, for the word "authorisation", the word "authorisations” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 132B. 39. In section 132B of the Income-tax Act, in the Explanation 1, in clause (ii), for the words, figures and letters “Explanation 2 to section 158BE”, the words, figures and letter "Explanation to section 158B" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 139. 40. In section 139 of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (8A),— (a) for the words "twenty-four months", the words "forty-eight months" shall be substituted; (b) after the third proviso, the following provisos shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided also that no updated return shall be furnished by any person where any notice to show-cause under section 148A has been issued in his case after thirty-six months from the end of the relevant assessment year: Provided also that the fourth proviso shall not apply where an order is passed under sub-section (3) of section 148A determining that it is not a fit case to issue notice under section 148:". Amendment of section 140B. 41. In section 140B of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (3), after clause (ii), the following clauses shall be inserted, namely:- "(iii) sixty per cent. of aggregate of tax and interest payable, as determined in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), as the case may be, if such return is furnished after the expiry of twenty-four months from the end of the relevant assessment year but before completion of the period of thirty-six months from the end of the relevant assessment year; or (iv) seventy per cent. of aggregate of tax and interest payable, as determined in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), as the case may be, if such return is furnished after the expiry of thirty-six months from the end of the relevant assessment year but before completion of the period of forty-eight months from the end of the relevant assessment year.". Amendment of section 143. 42. In section 143 of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), in clause (a), after sub-clause (ii), the following sub-clause shall be inserted with effect from the 1st day of April, 2025, namely:— "(iia) any such inconsistency in the return, with respect to the information in the return of any preceding previous year, as may be prescribed;". Amendment of section 144BA. 43. In section 144BA of the Income-tax Act, in the Explanation, for clause (ii), the following clause shall be substituted, namely:— "(ii) the period commencing on the date on which stay on the proceeding of the Approving Panel was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the Approving Panel:”. Amendment of section 144C. 44. In section 144C of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (14C), the proviso shall be omitted. Amendment of section 153. 45. In section 153 of the Income-tax Act, in Explanation 1, for clause (ii), the following clause shall be substituted, namely:— "(ii) the period commencing on the date on which stay on the assessment proceeding was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner; or”. Amendment of section 153B. 46. In section 153B of the Income-tax Act, in the Explanation, for clause (i), the following clause shall be substituted, namely:- "(i) the period commencing on the date on which stay on the assessment proceeding was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner; or”. Amendment of section 155. 47. In section 155 of the Income-tax Act, after sub-section (20), the following sub-section shall be inserted with effect from the 1st April, 2026, namely:— "(21) Where the arm's length price is determined in relation to an international transaction or a specified domestic transaction under sub-section (3) of section 92CA for any previous year and the Transfer Pricing Officer has declared that an option exercised by the assessee is valid under sub-section (3B) of the said section in respect of such transaction for two consecutive previous years immediately following such previous year, the Assessing Officer shall proceed to recompute the total income of the assessee for the said two consecutive previous years, by amending the order of assessment or any intimation or deemed intimation under sub-section (1) of section 143, as the case may be,— (a) in conformity with the arm's length price so determined by the Transfer Pricing Officer under sub-section (4A) of the said section in respect of such transaction; and (b) taking into account the directions issued under sub-section (5) of section 144C, if any, for such previous year, within three months from the end of the month in which the assessment is completed in the case of the assessee for such previous year, and the first and second provisos to sub-section (4) of section 92C shall apply thereto: Provided that where the order of assessment or any intimation or deemed intimation under sub-section (1) of section 143, for the said two consecutive previous years is not made within the said three months, such recomputation shall be made within three months from the end of the month in which such order of assessment or any intimation or deemed intimation under sub-section (1) of section 143, as the case may be, is made.”. Amendment of section 158B. 48. In section 158B of the Income-tax Act, in clause (b), after the words "money, bullion, jewellery" at both the places where they occur, the words “, virtual digital asset" shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 1st February, 2025. Amendment of section 158BA. 49. In section 158BA of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st day of September, 2024,— (a) in the marginal heading, for the words "total income", the words "total undisclosed income" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (b) in sub-section (1), for the words "total income", the words "total undisclosed income" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (c) in sub-section (4), for the word “pending”, the words “required to be made" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (d) in sub-section (5), for the words "the assessment or reassessment relating to any assessment year”, the words “the assessment or reassessment or recomputation or reference or order relating to any assessment year” shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (e) in sub-section (7), for the words "total income", the words "total undisclosed income" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted. Amendment of section 158BB. 50. In section 158BB of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st day of September, 2024,— (A) in the marginal heading, for the words "total income", the words "total undisclosed income" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (B) for sub-section (1), the following sub-sections shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted, namely:- "(1) The total undisclosed income referred to in sub-section (1) of section 158BA of the block period shall be the aggregate of the following, namely:- (a) undisclosed income declared in the return furnished under section 158BC; (b) undisclosed income determined by the Assessing Officer under sub-section (2). (1A) The following income shall not be included in the total undisclosed income of the block period, namely:- (a) the total income determined under sub-section (1) of section 143 or assessed under section 143 or section 144 or section 147 or section 153A or section 153C or assessed earlier under clause (c) of sub-section (1) of section 158BC or sub-section (4) of section 245D, prior to the date of initiation of the search or the date of requisition, in respect of any of the previous year comprising the block period; (b) the total income declared in the return of income filed under section 139 or in response to a notice under sub-section (1) of section 142, prior to the date of initiation of the search or the date of requisition, in respect of any of the previous year comprising the block period, and not covered under clause (a); (c) the income computed by the assessee, in respect of (i) a previous year, where such previous year has ended and the due date for furnishing the return for such year has not expired prior to the date of initiation of the search or the date of requisition, on the basis of entries relating to such income or transactions as recorded in the books of account and other documents maintained in the normal course before the date of initiation of search or the date of requisition; (ii) the period commencing from the 1st day of April of the previous year in which the search is initiated or requisition is made and ending on the day immediately preceding the date of initiation of search or requisition, on the basis of entries relating to such income or transactions as recorded in the books of account and other documents maintained in the normal course for such period on or before the day immediately preceding the date of initiation of search or the date of requisition; (iii) the period commencing from the date of initiation of the search or the date of requisition and ending on the date of the execution of the last of the authorisations for search or requisition, on the basis of entries relating to such income or transactions as recorded in the books of account and other documents maintained in the normal course for such period on or before the date of the execution of the last of the authorisations: Provided that where the Assessing Officer is of the opinion that any part of the income as computed by the assessee under this clause is undisclosed, he may recompute such income; (d) the total income referred to in sub-section (5) of section 115A or section 115G or sub-section (1) of section 194P.”; (C) in sub-section (2), the words, brackets, figures and letters “forming part of the total income referred to in sub-section (1) of section 158BA,” shall be omitted and shall be deemed to have been omitted; (D) for sub-section (3), the following sub-section shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted, namely:- "(3) Where any income required to be determined as a result of search or requisition of books of account or other documents and any other material or information as are either available with the Assessing Officer or come to his notice during the course of proceedings under this Chapter, or determined on the basis of entries relating to such income or transactions as recorded in books of account and other documents maintained in the normal course on or before the date of the execution of the last of the authorisations, relates to any international transaction or specified domestic transaction referred to in section 92CA, pertaining to the period beginning from the 1st day of April of the previous year in which last of the authorisations was executed and ending with the date on which last of the authorisations was executed, such income shall not be considered for the purposes of determining the total undisclosed income of the block period and such income shall be considered in the assessment made under the other provisions of this Act."; (E) for sub-section (5), the following sub-section shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted, namely:- "(5) The tax referred to in sub-section (7) of section 158BA shall be charged on the total undisclosed income determined in the manner specified in sub-section (1)."; (F) sub-section (6) shall be omitted and shall be deemed to have been omitted. Amendment of section 158BC. 51. In section 158BC of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), with effect from the 1st day of September, 2024,— (A) in clause (a),— (i) the words "total income, including the" shall be omitted and shall be deemed to have been omitted; (ii) after the fourth proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted, namely:- "Provided also that the time allowed for furnishing a return under this clause may be extended by a further period of thirty days, where- (i) in respect of a previous year immediately preceding the previous year in which the search is initiated or requisition is made, the due date for furnishing the return has not expired prior to the date of initiation of such search or requisition; (ii) the assessee was liable for audit under section 44AB for such previous year; (iii) the accounts (maintained in normal course) of such previous year have not been audited on the date of issuance of such notice; and (iv) the assessee requests in writing for extension of time for furnishing such return to get such accounts audited;"; (B) in clause (b), for the words “total income including the undisclosed income", the words "total undisclosed income" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (C) in clause (c), — (i) for the words "total income", the words "total undisclosed income" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (ii) second proviso shall be omitted and shall be deemed to have been omitted. Substitution of new section for section 158BD. Undisclosed income of any other person. 52. For section 158BD of the Income-tax Act, the following section shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted with effect from the 1st day of September, 2024,— '158BD. Where the Assessing Officer is satisfied that any undisclosed income belongs to or pertains to or relates to any person (herein referred to as the "other person"), other than the person (herein referred to as the "specified person" for the purposes of this section) with respect to whom search was initiated under section 132 or requisition was made under section 132A, then any money, bullion, jewellery, virtual digital asset or other valuable article or thing or any books of account or other documents seized or requisitioned or any other material or information relating to the aforesaid undisclosed income shall be handed over to the Assessing Officer having jurisdiction over such other person and that Assessing Officer shall proceed under section 158BC against such other person and the provisions of this Chapter shall apply accordingly: Provided that, - (a) where there is one specified person relevant to such other person, the block period for such other person shall be the same as that for the specified person; and (b) where there is more than one specified persons relevant to such other person, the block period for such other persons shall be the same as that for the specified person in whose case the block period ends on a later date: Provided further that in case of such other person, for the purposes of abatement under sub-sections (2) and (3) of section 158BA, the reference to the date of initiation of the search under section 132 or making of requisition under section 132A shall be construed as reference to the date on which such money, bullion, jewellery, virtual digital asset or other valuable article or thing or any books of account or other documents seized or requisitioned or any other material or information relating to the aforesaid undisclosed income were received by the Assessing Officer having jurisdiction over such other person.'. Amendment of section 158BE. 53. In section 158BE of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st day of September, 2024,— (a) in sub-section (1),— (i) for the word “month”, the word "quarter" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (ii) in the proviso, for the words “total income", the words "total undisclosed income" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (iii) after the proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted, namely:— 'Provided further that in a case where in pursuance to fifth proviso to clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 158BC, the time allowed under the said clause for furnishing return is extended by a further period of thirty days, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect, as if for the words "twelve months", the words "thirteen months" had been substituted.'; (b) in sub-section (3), — (i) for the word “month”, the word “quarter” shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (ii) after the proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted, namely:— 'Provided further that in a case where in pursuance to fifth proviso to clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 158BC, the time allowed under the said clause for furnishing return is extended by a further period of thirty days, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect, as if for the words "twelve months", the words "thirteen months" had been substituted.'; (c) in sub-section (4), for clause (i), the following clause shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted, namely:- "(i) the period commencing on the date on which stay on assessment proceedings was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner Commissioner; or". or Amendment of section 158BFA. 54. In section 158BFA of the Income-tax Act, with effect from the 1st day of September, 2024,— (a) in sub-section (1), for the words “total income including undisclosed income", the words "undisclosed income" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted; (b) in sub-section (4), for clause (ii), the following clause shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted, namely:- "(ii) the period commencing on the date on which stay on the proceeding under sub-section (2) was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner:". Omission of section 158BI. 55. Section 158BI of the Income-tax Act shall be omitted and shall be deemed to have been omitted with effect from the 1st day of September, 2024. Amendment of section 193. 56. In section 193 of the Income-tax Act, - (a) after the words “whichever is earlier,”, the words "being the amount or the aggregate of amounts exceeding ten thousand rupees during the financial year," shall be inserted; (b) in the proviso, in clause (v), in sub-clause (a), for the words "five thousand rupees", the words “ten thousand rupees” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194. 57. In section 194 of the Income-tax Act, in the first proviso, in clause (b), for the words "five thousand rupees", the words "ten thousand rupees" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194A. 58. In section 194A of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (3), — (a) in clause (i),— (i) for the words "forty thousand rupees", wherever they occur, the words "fifty thousand rupees" shall be substituted; (ii) in sub-clause (d), for the words “five thousand rupees", the words "ten thousand rupees" shall be substituted; (iii) in the third proviso, — (A) for the words "forty thousand rupees", the words "fifty thousand rupees” shall be substituted; (B) for the words "fifty thousand rupees", the words "one lakh rupees" shall be substituted; (b) in the proviso occurring after clause (xi), in clause (b),— (i) for the words "fifty thousand rupees", the words "one lakh rupees" shall be substituted; (ii) for the words "forty thousand rupees", the words "fifty thousand rupees” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194B. 59. In section 194B of the Income-tax Act,- (a) for the words “or the aggregate of amounts", the words "in respect of a single transaction" shall be substituted; (b) the words "during the financial year” shall be omitted. Amendment of section 194BB. 60. In section 194BB of the Income-tax Act,- (a) for the words "or aggregate of amounts", the words “in respect of a single transaction" shall be substituted; (b) the words "during the financial year” shall be omitted. Amendment of section 194D. 61. In section 194D of the Income-tax Act, in the second proviso, for the words "fifteen thousand rupees", the words "twenty thousand rupees” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194G. 62. In section 194G of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), for the words "fifteen thousand rupees", the words "twenty thousand rupees" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194H. 63. In section 194H of the Income-tax Act, in the first proviso, for the words "fifteen thousand rupees", the words "twenty thousand rupees” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194-I. 64. In section 194-I of the Income-tax Act, for the first proviso, the following proviso shall be substituted, namely:- "Provided that no deduction shall be made under this section, where the income by way of rent credited or paid for a month or part of a month by such person to the account of, or to, the payee, does not exceed fifty thousand rupees:". Amendment of section 194J. 65. In section 194J of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), in the first proviso, in clause (B), for the words "thirty thousand rupees” wherever they occur, the words "fifty thousand rupees” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194K. 66. In section 194K of the Income-tax Act, in the proviso, in clause (i), for the words "five thousand rupees", the words "ten thousand rupees" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194LA. 67. In section 194LA of the Income-tax Act, in the first proviso, for the words "two lakh and fifty thousand rupees", the words "five lakh rupees" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194LBC. 68. In section 194LBC of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), for the portion beginning with the words “at the rate of” and ending with the words "payee is any other person", the words "at the rate of ten per cent.” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 194Q. 69. In section 194Q of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (5), in clause (b), the words, brackets, figures and letters "other than a transaction to which sub-section (1H) of section 206C applies” shall be omitted. Amendment of section 194S. 70. In section 194S of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), for the words, figures and letters "sections 203A and 206AB", the word, figures and letter "section 203A" shall be substituted. Omission of section 206AB. 71. Section 206AB of the Income-tax Act shall be omitted. Amendment of section 206C. 72. In section 206C of the Income-tax Act, - (a) in sub-section (1), — (i) in the Table,— (A) against serial number (iii),— (1) in column (2), for the word “Timber”, the words and brackets "Timber or any other forest produce (not being tendu leaves)" shall be substituted; (II) in column (3), for the words "two and one-half per cent.", the words "two per cent." shall be substituted; (B) against serial number (iv), in column (3), for the words "two and one-half per cent.", the words "two per cent." shall be substituted; (C) serial number (v) and the entries relating thereto shall be omitted; (ii) after the proviso, the following Explanation shall be inserted, namely:- ‘Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, “forest produce" shall have the same meaning as defined in any State Act for the time being in force, or in the Indian Forest Act, 1927.'; (b) in sub-section (1G),— (i) in the first, second and fourth provisos, for the words "seven lakh rupees" wherever they occur, the words “ten lakh rupees” shall be substituted; (ii) for the third proviso, the following proviso shall be substituted, namely:- "Provided also that the authorised dealer shall not collect the sum if the amount being remitted out is a loan obtained from any financial institution as defined in clause (b) of sub-section (3) of section 80E, for the purpose of pursuing any education:"; (c) in sub-section (1H), after the second proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided also that nothing contained in the provisions of this sub-section shall apply from the 1st day of April, 2025."; (d) in sub-section (7A), the following proviso shall be inserted, with effect from the 1st April, 2025, namely:— "Provided that the provisions of sub-sections (3), (5) and (6) of section 153 and Explanation 1 thereof shall, so far as may be, apply to the time limit specified in this sub-section.”; (e) in sub-section (9), for the words, brackets, figures and letters ", sub-section (1C) or sub-section (IH)" at both the places where they occur, the words, brackets, figure and letter "or sub-section (IC)" shall be substituted; (f) in sub-section (104), for the brackets, figures, letters and word “(IC), (1F) or (1H)", the brackets, figures, letters and word “(IC) or (IF)" shall be substituted. Omission of section 206CCA. 73. Section 206CCA of the Income-tax Act shall be omitted. Amendment of section 246A. 74. In section 246A of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1), — (i) in clause (ja), for the word, brackets, figure and letter, "sub-section (1A)", the word, brackets and figure "sub-section (2)" shall be substituted; (ii) in clause (n), the words “made by a Deputy Commissioner" shall be omitted. Amendment of section 253. 75. In section 253 of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (9), the proviso shall be omitted. Amendment of section 255. 76. In section 255 of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (8), the proviso shall be omitted. Amendment of section 263. 77. In section 263 of the Income-tax Act, in the Explanation, occurring after sub-section (3), for the words "any period during which any proceeding under this section is stayed by an order or injunction of any court", the words "the period commencing on the date on which stay on any proceeding under this section was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 264. 78. In section 264 of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (6), in the Explanation, for the words "any period during which any proceeding under this section is stayed by an order or injunction of any court", the words "the period commencing on the date on which stay on any proceeding under this section was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 270AA. 79. In section 270AA of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (4), for the words "one month", the words "three months" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 271AAB. 80. In section 271AAB of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (1A), in the opening portion, after the words “the assent of the President”, the words, figures and letters "but before the 1st day of September, 2024” shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 1st September, 2024. Omission of section 271BB. 81. Section 271BB of the Income-tax Act shall be omitted. Amendment of section 271C. 82. In section 271C of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that any penalty under sub-section (1) on or after the 1st day of April, 2025, shall be imposed by the Assessing Officer.". Amendment of section 271CA. 83. In section 271CA of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided that any penalty under sub-section (1), on or after the 1st day of April, 2025, shall be imposed by the Assessing Officer.". Amendment of section 271D. 84. In section 271D of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided that any penalty under sub-section (1), on or after the 1st day of April, 2025, shall be imposed by the Assessing Officer.". Amendment of section 271DA. 85. In section 271DA of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided that any penalty under sub-section (1), on or after the 1st day of April, 2025, shall be imposed by the Assessing Officer.". Amendment of section 271DB. 86. In section 271DB of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided that any penalty under sub-section (1), on or after the 1st day of April, 2025, shall be imposed by the Assessing Officer.". Amendment of section 271E. 87. In section 271E of the Income-tax Act, in sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that any penalty under sub-section (1), on or after the 1st day of April, 2025, shall be imposed by the Assessing Officer.". Substitution of new section for section 275. Bar of limitation for imposing penalties. 88. For section 275 of the Income-tax Act, the following section shall be substituted, namely:— "275. (1) No order imposing a penalty under this Chapter shall be passed after the expiry of six months from the end of the quarter in which,— (a) the proceedings, in the course of which action for the imposition of penalty has been initiated, are completed, if the relevant assessment or other order is not the subject matter of an appeal under section 246 or section 246A or section 253; (b) the order of revision under section 263 or section 264 is passed, if the relevant assessment or other order is the subject matter of revision under the said sections; (c) the order of appeal under section 246 or section 246A is received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner, if the relevant assessment or other order is the subject matter of an appeal under the said sections and no further appeal has been filed under section 253; (d) the order of appeal under section 253 is received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner, if the relevant assessment or other order is the subject matter of an appeal under the said section; (e) notice for imposition of penalty is issued, in any other case. (2) The order imposing or enhancing or reducing or cancelling penalty or dropping the proceedings for the imposition of penalty may be revised on the basis of assessment as revised by giving effect to the order passed under section 246 or section 246A or section 253 or section 260A or section 261 or revision under section 263 or section 264, where the relevant assessment or other order is the subject matter of an appeal or a revision under the said sections. (3) No order imposing or enhancing or reducing or cancelling penalty or dropping the proceedings for the imposition of penalty under sub-section (2) shall be passed- (a) unless the assessee has been heard, or has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard; (b) after the expiry of six months from the end of the quarter in which the order passed under section 246 or section 246A or section 253 or section 260A or section 261 is received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner, or the order of revision under section 263 or section 264 is passed. (4) The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 274 shall apply to the order imposing or enhancing or reducing penalty under sub-section (2). (5) In computing the period of limitation for the purposes of this section, the following period shall be excluded:- (a) the time taken in giving an opportunity to the assessee to be reheard under the proviso to section 129; (b) the period commencing on the date on which stay on proceeding for levy of penalty was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner.". Amendment of section 276BB. 89. In section 276BB of the Income-tax Act, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that the provisions of this section shall not apply if the payment of the tax collected at source has been made to the credit of the Central Government at any time on or before the time prescribed for filing the statement under the proviso to sub-section (3) of section 206C in respect of such payment.”. Insertion of new section 285BAA. Obligation to furnish information on transaction of crypto-asset. 90. After section 285BA of the Income-tax Act, the following section shall be inserted with effect from the 1st April, 2026, namely:- ‘285BAA. (1) Any person, being a reporting entity, as prescribed, in respect of a crypto-asset, shall furnish information in respect of a transaction of such crypto-asset in a statement, for such period, within such time, in such form and manner and to such income-tax authority, as prescribed. (2) Where the prescribed income-tax authority considers that the statement furnished under sub-section (1) is defective, he may intimate the defect to the person who has furnished such statement and give him an opportunity of rectifying the defect within thirty days from the date of such intimation or such further period as may be allowed, and if the defect is not rectified within such period, the provisions of this Act shall apply as if such person had furnished inaccurate information in the statement. (3) Where a person who is required to furnish a statement under sub-section (1) has not furnished the same within the specified time, the prescribed income-tax authority may serve upon such person a notice requiring him to furnish such statement within a period not exceeding thirty days from the date of service of such notice and he shall furnish the statement within the time specified in the notice. (4) If any person, having furnished a statement under sub-section (1), or in pursuance of a notice issued under sub-section (3), comes to know or discovers any inaccuracy in the information provided in the statement, he shall within ten days inform the prescribed income-tax authority, the inaccuracy in such statement and furnish the correct information in such manner as prescribed. (5) The Central Government may, by rules prescribe- (a) the persons referred to in sub-section (1) to be registered with the prescribed income-tax authority; (b) the nature of information and the manner in which such information shall be maintained by the persons referred to in clause (a); and (c) the due diligence to be carried out by the persons referred to in sub-section (1) for the purpose of identification of any crypto-asset user or owner. (6) In this section, “crypto-asset" shall have the meaning assigned to it in sub-clause (d) of clause (474) of section 2.'. Amendment of rule 68B of Second Schedule. 91. In the Second Schedule to the Income-tax Act, in rule 68B, in sub-rule (2), for clauses (i) and (ii), the following clauses shall be substituted, namely:- "(i) commencing on the date on which stay on levy of the said tax, interest, fine, penalty or another sum was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner; or (ii) commencing on the date on which stay on the proceeding of attachment or sale of the immovable property was granted by an order or injunction of any court and ending on the date on which certified copy of the order vacating the stay was received by the jurisdictional Principal Commissioner or Commissioner; or". CHAPTER IV INDIRECT TAXES Customs Amendment of section 18. Voluntary revision of entry, post clearance. 92. In the Customs Act, 1962 (hereinafter referred to as the Customs Act), in section 18,- (a) in sub-section (1), for the words "the proper officer may direct that the duty leviable on such goods, be assessed provisionally", the following shall be substituted, namely:- "the proper officer may assess the duty leviable on such goods, provisionally,"; (b) in sub-section (1A), for the words "within such time and in such manner", the words "in such manner" shall be substituted; (c) after sub-section (1A), the following sub-sections shall be inserted, namely:- "(1B) The proper officer shall finalise the duty provisionally assessed, within two years from the date of such assessment under sub-section (1): Provided that the Principal Commissioner of Customs or the Commissioner of Customs may, on sufficient cause being shown and for reasons to be recorded in writing, extend the said period to a further period of one year: Provided further that in respect of any provisional assessment pending under sub-section (1) as on the date on which the Finance Bill, 2025 receives the assent of the President, the said period of two years shall be reckoned from the date on which the said Finance Bill receives the assent of the President. (IC) Where the proper officer is unable to assess the duty finally within the time specified under sub-section (1B) for the reason that— (a) an information is being sought from an authority outside India through a legal process; or (b) an appeal in a similar matter of the same person or any other person is pending before the Appellate Tribunal or the High Court or the Supreme Court; or (c) an interim order of stay has been issued by the Appellate Tribunal or the High Court or the Supreme Court; or (d) the Board has, in a similar matter, issued specific direction or order to keep such matter pending; or (e) the importer or exporter has a pending application before the Settlement Commission or the Interim Board, the proper officer shall inform the importer or exporter concerned, the reason for non-finalisation of the provisional assessment and in such case, the time specified in sub-section (IB) shall apply not from the date of the provisional assessment but from the date when such reason ceases to exist.". Insertion of new section 18A. 93. After section 18 of the Customs Act, the following section shall be inserted, namely:- "18A. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 149, the importer or exporter of the goods, after the clearance, may revise an entry already made in relation to the goods, in such form and manner, within such time and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed. (2) On revising the entry under sub-section (1), the importer or exporter of the goods shall self-assess the duty. (3) Where the revised entry and self-assessment made under sub-sections (1) and (2) results in- (a) any duty short-levied, not levied, short-paid or not paid, then the same may be paid voluntarily by the importer or exporter of such goods along with the interest under section 28AA; (b) duty paid in excess of that payable on such goods or whole of the duty paid, requiring refund, then, such revised entry shall be deemed to be a claim for refund under section 27. (4) The proper officer may, - (a) verify the revised entry and self-assessment made under sub-sections (1) and (2) in cases selected primarily on the basis of risk evaluation through appropriate selection criteria; (b) re-assess the duty leviable on such goods in cases where the self-assessment under sub-section (2) is not done correctly. (5) No revision of entry shall be made under this section in the following cases, namely:— (a) cases where any audit under Chapter XIIA or search, seizure or summons under Chapter XIII has been initiated and intimated to the importer or the exporter concerned; (b) cases requiring refund where the proper officer has re-assessed the duty under section 17 or assessed the duty under section 18 or under section 84; (c) any other case which the Board may specify by notification in the Official Gazette.". Amendment of section 27. 94. In section 27 of the Customs Act, in sub-section (1), the Explanation shall be numbered as Explanation 1 thereof, and after Explanation 1 as so numbered, the following Explanation shall be inserted, namely:— “Explanation 2.—For the removal of doubts, it is hereby clarified that the period of limitation of one year in case of claim of refund under clause (b) of sub-section (3) of section 18A or amendment of documents under section 149, shall be computed from the date of payment of such duty or interest.". Amendment of section 28. 95. In section 28 of the Customs Act, in Explanation 1, after clause (b), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- "(ba) in a case where duty is paid under clause (a) of sub-section (3) of section 18A, the date of payment of duty or interest;”. Amendment of section 127A. 96. In section 127A of the Customs Act, - (i) after clause (d), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— '(da) "Interim Board" means the Interim Board for Settlement constituted under section 31A of the Central Excise Act, 1944;'; (ii) after clause (e), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- '(ea) "pending application” means an application filed under section 127B before the 1st day of April, 2025 and fulfils the following conditions, namely:- (i) it has been allowed under section 127C; and (ii) no order under sub-section (5) of section 127C was issued on or before the 31st day of March, 2025 with respect to such application;'. Amendment of section 127B. 97. In section 127B of the Customs Act, after sub-section (5), the following provisos shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that no application shall be made under this section on or after the 1st day of April, 2025: Provided further that on and from the date of the constitution of the Interim Board, every pending application shall be dealt by it from the stage at which such pending application stood immediately before its constitution.". Amendment of section 127C. 98. In section 127C of the Customs Act, after sub-section (10), the following sub-sections shall be inserted, namely:— '(11) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025,— (a) the provisions of sub-sections (2), (3), (4), (5), (5A), (7), (8) and (84) shall apply to pending applications with the modification that for the words "Settlement Commission", wherever they occur, the words "Interim Board" shall be substituted; (b) in sub-section (3), for the words “seven days from the date of order", the words “seven days from the date of receipt of the order" shall be substituted; (c) in sub-section (7), for the word “Bench”, the words "Interim Board" shall be substituted; (d) the provisions of sub-section (10) shall have effect as if for the words "Settlement Commission", the words "Settlement Commission or the Interim Board" had been substituted. (12) Notwithstanding anything contained in this section, the Interim Board may, within three months from the date of its constitution under section 31A of the Central Excise Act, 1944, for the reasons to be recorded in writing, extend the time limit referred to in sub-section (8A), by such further period not exceeding twelve months from the date of such constitution.'. Amendment of section 127D. 99. In section 127D of the Customs Act, after sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(3) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the power of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be exercised by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 127F. 100. In section 127F of the Customs Act, after sub-section (4), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(5) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the powers and functions of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be exercised by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 127G. 101. In section 127G of the Customs Act, after the first proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided further that on and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the functions of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be performed by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 127H. 102. In section 127H of the Customs Act, after sub-section (3), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(4) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the power of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be exercised by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Customs Tariff Amendment of First Schedule. 103. In the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 (hereinafter referred to as the Customs Tariff Act), the First Schedule shall,- (a) be amended in the manner specified in the Second Schedule; (b) with effect from the 1st May, 2025, be amended in the manner specified in the Third Schedule. Central Excise Amendment of section 31. 104. In section 31 of the Central Excise Act, 1944 (hereinafter referred to as the Central Excise Act), — (i) after clause (e), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— '(ea) "Interim Board" means the Interim Board for Settlement constituted under section 31A;'; (ii) after clause (f), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— '(fa) "pending application” means an application filed under section 32E before the 1st day of April, 2025 and fulfils the following conditions, namely:- (i) it has been allowed under sub-section (1) of section 32F; and (ii) no order under sub-section (5) of section 32F was issued on or before the 31st day of March, 2025 with respect to such application;'. Insertion of new section 31A. Interim Board for Settlement. 105. After section 31 of the Central Excise Act, the following section shall be inserted, namely:- "31A. (1) The Central Government shall, by notification, constitute one or more Interim Boards for Settlement, as may be necessary, for the settlement of pending applications: Provided that on and from the date of the constitution of the Interim Board, every pending application shall be dealt by it from the stage at which such pending application stood immediately before its constitution. (2) Every Interim Board shall consist of three members, each being an officer of the rank of Chief Commissioner or above, as may be nominated by the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs. (3) If the Members of the Interim Board differ in opinion on any point, the point shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority. (4) The Interim Board shall be assisted by such Central Excise Officers, to be nominated by the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs.". Amendment of section 32. 106. In section 32 of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (3), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that the Settlement Commission so constituted under this section shall cease to operate on or after the 1st day of April, 2025.". Amendment of section 32A. 107. In section 32A of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (8), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that the provisions of this section shall not apply on or after the 1st day of April, 2025.". Amendment of section 32B. 108. In section 32B of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided that the provisions of this section shall not apply on or after the 1st day of April, 2025.". Amendment of section 32C. 109. In section 32C of the Central Excise Act, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that the provisions of this section shall not apply on or after the 1st day of April, 2025.". Amendment of section 32D. 110. In section 32D of the Central Excise Act, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that the provisions of this section shall not apply on or after the 1st day of April, 2025.". Amendment of section 32E. 111. In section 32E of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (5), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided that no application shall be made under this section on or after the 1st day of April, 2025.". Amendment of section 32F. 112. In section 32F of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (10), the following sub-sections shall be inserted, namely:— '(11) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025,— (a) the provisions of sub-sections (2), (3), (4), (5), (5A), (6), (7), and (8) shall apply to pending applications with the modification that for the words "Settlement Commission", wherever they occur, the words "Interim Board" shall be substituted; (b) in sub-section (3), for the words “seven days from the date of order", the words "seven days from the date of receipt of the order" shall be substituted; (c) in sub-section (7), for the word “Bench”, the words "Interim Board" shall be substituted; (d) the provisions of sub-section (10) shall have effect as if for the words "Settlement Commission", the words "Settlement Commission or Interim Board" had been substituted. (12) Notwithstanding anything contained in this section, the Interim Board may, within three months from the date of its constitution under section 31A, for the reasons to be recorded in writing, extend the time limit referred to in sub-section (6), by such further period not exceeding twelve months from the date of such constitution.'. Amendment of section 32G. 113. In section 32G of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:— "(3) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the power of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be exercised by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 32-I. 114. In section 32-I of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (4), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(5) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the powers and functions of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be exercised or performed by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 32J. 115. In section 32J of the Central Excise Act, after the first proviso, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided further that on and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the functions of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be performed by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 32K. 116. In section 32K of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (3), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(4) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the power of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be exercised by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 32L. 117. In section 32L of the Central Excise Act, after sub-section (3), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(4) On and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the power of the Settlement Commission under this section shall be exercised by the Interim Board and the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 32M. 118. In section 32M of the Central Excise Act, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that on and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 32-O. 119. In section 32-O of the Central Excise Act, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that on and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Amendment of section 32P. 120. In section 32P of the Central Excise Act, the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- "Provided that on and from the 1st day of April, 2025, the provisions of this section shall mutatis mutandis apply to the Interim Board as they apply to the Settlement Commission.". Central Goods and Services Tax Amendment of section 2. 121. In the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (hereinafter referred as the Central Goods and Services Tax Act), in section 2,- (i) in clause (61), after the word and figure "section 9", the words, brackets and figures "of this Act or under sub-section (3) or sub-section (4) of section 5 of the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017" shall be inserted with effect from the 1st day of April, 2025; (ii) in clause (69),— (a) in sub-clause (c), after the words "management of a municipal", the word “fund” shall be inserted; (b) after sub-clause (c), the following Explanation shall be inserted, namely:- ‘Explanation. For the purposes of this sub-clause- (a) "local fund" means any fund under the control or management of an authority of a local self-government established for discharging civic functions in relation to a Panchayat area and vested by law with the powers to levy, collect and appropriate any tax, duty, toll, cess or fee, by whatever name called; (b) "municipal fund" means any fund under the control or management of an authority of a local self-government established for discharging civic functions in relation to a Metropolitan area or Municipal area and vested by law with the powers to levy, collect and appropriate any tax, duty, toll, cess or fee, by whatever name called;'; (iii) after clause (116), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- '(116A) “unique identification marking" means the unique identification marking referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (2) of section 148A and includes a digital stamp, digital mark or any other similar marking, which is unique, secure and non-removable;'. Amendment of section 12. 122. In section 12 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, sub-section (4) shall be omitted. Amendment of section 13. 123. In section 13 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, sub-section (4) shall be omitted. Amendment of section 17. 124. In section 17 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, in sub-section (5), in clause (d),— (i) for the words "plant or machinery", the words “plant and machinery" shall be substituted and shall be deemed to have been substituted with effect from the 1st day of July, 2017; (ii) the Explanation shall be numbered as Explanation 1 thereof, and after Explanation 1 as so numbered, the following Explanation shall be inserted, namely:— ‘Explanation 2. For the purposes of clause (d), it is hereby clarified that notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any judgment, decree or order of any court, tribunal, or other authority, any reference to "plant or machinery” shall be construed and shall always be deemed to have been construed as a reference to "plant and machinery";'. Amendment of section 20. 125. In section 20 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, with effect from the 1st day of April, 2025,- (i) in sub-section (1), after the word and figure "section 9", the words, brackets and figures "of this Act or under sub-section (3) or sub-section (4) of section 5 of the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017" shall be inserted; (ii) in sub-section (2), after the word and figure "section 9", the words, brackets and figures "of this Act or under sub-section (3) or sub-section (4) of section 5 of the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017,” shall be inserted. Amendment of section 34. 126. In section 34 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, in sub-section (2), for the proviso, the following proviso shall be substituted, namely:- "Provided that no reduction in output tax liability of the supplier shall be permitted, if the- (i) input tax credit as is attributable to such a credit note, if availed, has not been reversed by the recipient, where such recipient is a registered person; or (ii) incidence of tax on such supply has been passed on to any other person, in other cases.". Amendment of section 38. 127. In section 38 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act,- (i) in sub-section (1), for the words "an auto-generated statement", the words "a statement" shall be substituted; (ii) in sub-section (2), — (a) for the words “auto-generated statement under", the words "statement referred in" shall be substituted; (b) in clause (a), the word "and" shall be omitted; (c) in clause (b), after the words "by the recipient,", the word "including" shall be inserted; (d) after clause (b), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- "(c) such other details as may be prescribed.". Amendment of section 39. 128. In section 39 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, in sub-section (1), for the words "and within such time", the words "within such time, and subject to such conditions and restrictions" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 107. 129. In section 107 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, in sub-section (6), for the proviso, the following proviso shall be substituted, namely:— "Provided that in case of any order demanding penalty without involving demand of any tax, no appeal shall be filed against such order unless a sum equal to ten per cent. of the said penalty has been paid by the appellant.". Amendment of section 112. 130. In section 112 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, in sub-section (8), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:— "Provided that in case of any order demanding penalty without involving demand of any tax, no appeal shall be filed against such order unless a sum equal to ten per cent. of the said penalty, in addition to the amount payable under the proviso to sub-section (6) of section 107 has been paid by the appellant.". Insertion of new section 122B. Penalty for failure to comply with track and trace mechanism. 131. After section 122A of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, the following section shall be inserted, namely:— "122B. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, where any person referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 148A acts in contravention of the provisions of the said section, he shall, in addition to any penalty under Chapter XV or the provisions of this Chapter, be liable to pay a penalty equal to an amount of one lakh rupees or ten per cent. of the tax payable on such goods, whichever is higher.". Insertion of new section 148A. Track and trace mechanism for certain goods. 132. After section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, the following section shall be inserted, namely:— "148A. (1) The Government may, on the recommendations of the Council, by notification, specify, — (a) the goods; (b) persons or class of persons who are in possession or deal with such goods, to which the provisions of this section shall apply. (2) The Government may, in respect of the goods referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (1),— (a) provide a system for enabling affixation of unique identification marking and for electronic storage and access of information contained therein, through such persons, as may be prescribed; and (b) prescribe the unique identification marking for such goods, including the information to be recorded therein. (3) The persons referred to in sub-section (1), shall,— (a) affix on the said goods or packages thereof, a unique identification marking, containing such information and in such manner; (b) furnish such information and details within such time and maintain such records or documents, in such form and manner; (c) furnish details of the machinery installed in the place of business of manufacture of such goods, including the identification, capacity, duration of operation and such other details or information, within such time and in such form and manner; (d) pay such amount in relation to the system referred to in sub-section (2), as may be prescribed.”. Amendment of Schedule III. 133. In Schedule III of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act,- (i) in paragraph 8, after clause (a), the following clause shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 1st day of July, 2017, namely:- "(aa) Supply of goods warehoused in a Special Economic Zone or in a Free Trade Warehousing Zone to any person before clearance for exports or to the Domestic Tariff Area;"; (ii) in Explanation 2, after the words "For the purposes of", the words, brackets and letter "clause (a) of” shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 1st day of July, 2017; (iii) after Explanation 2, the following Explanation shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 1st day of July, 2017, namely:— "Explanation 3. For the purposes of clause (aa) of paragraph 8, the expressions “Special Economic Zone”, “Free Trade Warehousing Zone" and "Domestic Tariff Area" shall have the same meanings respectively as assigned to them in section 2 of the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005.". No refund of tax collected. Special provision for retrospective exemption from service tax in certain cases relating to reinsurance services provided by insurance companies under Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme and Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme. 134. No refund shall be made of all such tax which has been collected, but which would not have been so collected, had section 133 been in force at all material times. Service tax 135. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 66 of Chapter V of the Finance Act, 1994, as it stood prior to the 1st day of July, 2012, or in section 66B of the said Chapter of the said Act, as it stood prior to the omission of the said Chapter vide section 173 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017, no service tax shall be levied or collected in respect of taxable services provided or agreed to be provided by insurance companies by way of reinsurance under the Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme and the Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme during the period commencing from the 1st day of April, 2011 and ending with the 30th day of June, 2017 (both days inclusive). (2) Refund shall be made of all such service tax which has been collected, but which would not have been so collected, had sub-section (1) been in force at all material times: Provided that an application for the claim of refund of service tax shall be made within a period of six months from the date on which the Finance Bill, 2025 receives the assent of the President. (3) Notwithstanding the omission of the said Chapter, the provisions of the said Chapter shall apply for refund under this section retrospectively as if the said Chapter had been in force at all material times. CHAPTER V MISCELLANEOUS PART I AMENDMENT TO THE UNIT TRUST OF INDIA (TRANSFER OF UNDERTAKING AND REPEAL) Аст, 2002 Amendment of Act 58 of 2002. 136. In the Unit Trust of India (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2002, in section 13, in sub-section (1), for the figures "2025", the figures “2027” shall be substituted. PART II AMENDMENTS TO THE GOVERNMENT SECURITIES ACT, 2006 WHEREAS it is expedient to amend the law relating to Government securities and its management by the Reserve Bank of India; AND WHEREAS the subject matter of “Public debt of the State" falls within the ambit of State List of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution; AND WHEREAS in pursuance of clause (1) of article 252 of the Constitution, resolutions have been passed by the Houses of the Legislatures of the States of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Nagaland, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal that the subject matter aforesaid should be regulated in those States by Parliament by law. Application of this Part. 137. (1) This Part shall apply in the first instance to the whole of the States of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Nagaland, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal and the Union territories; and it shall also apply to such other State which adopts this Part by resolution passed in that behalf under clause (1) of article 252 of the Constitution. (2) It shall come into force at once in the States of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Nagaland, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal and in the Union territories and in any other State which adopts this Act under clause (1) of article 252 of the Constitution, on the date of such adoption; and, save as otherwise provided in this Part, any reference in this Part to the commencement of this Part shall, in relation to any State, mean the date on which this Part comes into force in such State. Amendment of preamble. 138. In the Government Securities Act, 2006 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), in the preamble, in paragraph 3, for the words "except the Legislature of the State of Jammu and Kashmir, to the effect that the matters aforesaid should be regulated in those States", the words "to the effect that the matters aforesaid should be regulated in those States" shall be substituted. Amendment of section 1. 139. In section 1 of the principal Act,- (a) in sub-section (3), for the words "in the first instance to whole of the States, except the State of Jammu and Kashmir, and to all the Union territories and it shall also apply to the State of Jammu and Kashmir which adopts this Act by resolution passed in that behalf under clause (1) of article 252 of the Constitution", the words "to all the States and Union territories" shall be substituted; (b) in sub-section (4), — (i) the words "except the State of Jammu and Kashmir" shall be omitted; (ii) the words "and in the State of Jammu and Kashmir which adopts this Act under clause (1) of article 252 of the Constitution, on such adoption" shall be omitted. Amendment of section 2. 140. In section 2 of the principal Act, in clause (f),— (i) after the words "any other purpose", the words "and subject to such terms and conditions" shall be inserted; (ii) the words and figure "and having one of the forms mentioned in section 3" shall be omitted. Amendment of section 3. 141. In section 3 of the principal Act, the words “, subject to such terms and conditions as may be specified,” shall be omitted. Amendment of section 5. 142. In section 5 of the principal Act, in sub-section (4), after the words "upon the Bank", the words, brackets, letter and figure "or shall be construed to affect any restriction on transferability of Government securities contained in any notification issued under clause (f) of section 2 in respect of such securities" shall be inserted. Amendment of section 31. 143. In section 31 of the principal Act, sub-sections (1) and (2) shall be omitted. Amendment of section 32. 144. In section 32 of the principal Act, in sub-section (2), in clause (a), the words "and the terms and conditions subject to which” shall be omitted. Repeal of Act 18 of 1944 and savings. 145. (1) The Public Debt Act, 1944 is hereby repealed. (2) Notwithstanding such repeal anything done or any action taken in the exercise of any power conferred by or under the repealed Act shall be deemed to have been done or taken in the exercise of the powers conferred by or under the Government Securities Act, 2006 as amended by this Part as if the said Act was in force on the day on which such thing was done or action was taken. (3) The rules made by the Central Government under the repealed Act as in force immediately before the commencement of this Part, shall be deemed to be the regulations made by the Bank under the Government Securities Act, 2006. PART III AMENDMENT TO THE FINANCE ACT, 2016 Amendment of Act 28 of 2016. 146. In the Finance Act, 2016, with effect from the 1st day of April, 2025- (a) in section 163, in sub-section (3), in clause (a), after the words “this Chapter", the words, figures and letters "but before the 1st day of April, 2025" shall be inserted; (b) in section 165, after sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- "(3) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any consideration for any specified service received or receivable by a person on or after the 1st day of April, 2025.". PART IV VALIDATION OF THE CENTRAL CIVIL SERVICES (PENSION) RULES AND PRINCIPLES FOR EXPENDITURE ON PENSION LIABILITES FROM THE CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA WHEREAS article 309 of the Constitution provides that, subject to the provisions of the Constitution, Acts of the appropriate Legislature may regulate the recruitment and conditions of service of persons appointed to public services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union; AND WHEREAS the recruitment and the conditions of service of persons appointed to public services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union are governed by rules made under the proviso to article 309 of the Constitution; AND WHEREAS the pension of the Central Government employees was governed by the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 1972 which was subsequently replaced by the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021 and the Central Civil Services (Extraordinary Pension) Rules, 2023 (hereinafter in this Part referred to as the pension rules) and instructions issued from time to time for matters connected therewith; which allows the revision of pension by the Central Government in accordance with any general order issued for implementation of the recommendations of the Central Pay Commission; AND WHEREAS the Central Pay Commissions are expert bodies set up by the Central Government for periodic review and revision of the entire gamut of emoluments structure including retirement benefits of the Central Government employees which recommend different pay scales and different allowances for different categories of the Government employees and in particular, pension claims and liabilities; AND WHEREAS till the Third Central Pay Commission, it was a general view that past and future pensioners cannot be treated at par and the practice was that benefit of improvement in the pension would be available to newly retiring pensioners from a prospective date; and subsequently, the Fourth Central Pay Commission considered the suggestion of equalisation of pension with reference to that admissible in the revised scales of pay and did not accept it, and in its report also referred to the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of State Government Pensioners Association and others Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh [SLP (Civil) Nos. 14179-80, 1985] wherein the Supreme Court, inter alia, has observed as under:— "Improvements in pay scales by the very nature of things can be made prospectively so as to apply to only those who are in the employment on the date of the upward revision. Those who were in employment say in 1950, 1960 or 1970, lived, spent and saved, on the basis of the then prevailing cost of living structure and pay-scale structure, cannot invoke Article 14 in order to claim the higher pay scale brought into force say, in 1980. If upward pay revision cannot be made prospectively on account of Article 14, perhaps no such revision would ever be made."; AND WHEREAS the Fifth and Sixth Central Pay Commission also maintained the distinction between pension payable to employees retired before and after the 1st January, 1996 and before and after the 1st January, 2006, respectively, consequently, as on 1st January, 2006, a distinction in pension existed between past employees who had retired before that date and employees retired after that date on the basis of the revision in pay scales recommended by the Sixth Central Pay Commission, as accepted by the Central Government, implemented from the 1st January, 2006, a pension revision formula which did not amount to complete parity between pension of Government employees retired before or after the 1st January, 2006; AND WHEREAS the treatment of existing and past pensioners was again considered by the Seventh Central Pay Commission and it was pointed out in its report that the issue of pension has been a matter of debate in a large number of cases before the Supreme Court of India and there have been differing views; AND WHEREAS the pension payable to a Government employee can be said to be a deferred portion of the compensation for service rendered and usually, the compensation earned by an employee varies over the service period, as they are periodically revised on account of implementation of the Central Pay Commissions recommendations or otherwise and as such, pension as a derivative of compensation, may also vary; AND WHEREAS the right to impose such distinctions rests with the Central Government and are an inevitable outcome of the implementation of the recommendations of a Central Pay Commission; AND WHEREAS the judgment of the Supreme Court in SLP (Civil) No. 29124 of 2024 in the case of the Union of India and Ors. Vs All India S-30 Pensioners Association and Ors. has obliterated such distinction and proceeded on the premise that the Government lacks authority for providing for such distinction of the Central Government pensioners based on their date of retirement; AND WHEREAS it has become necessary to deal with the interpretation of the Courts and to address the issue relating to pensioners of the Central Government, and expedient to retain the relevance of having such distinction by a validation legislation, dealing with the pension rules and instructions issued from time to time in this regard. Commencement of Part. 147. This Part shall come into force and shall be deemed to have come into force on the 1st day of June, 1972. Definitions. 148. In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) "pensioner” means a retired Government servant under the pension rules; and (b) "pension rules" means the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 1972 as it existed prior to its cesser of operation; or the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 2021 or the Central Civil Services (Extraordinary Pension) Rules, 2023 made under the proviso to article 309 of the Constitution and instructions issued thereunder. Powers and authority of Central Government. 149. (1) Without prejudice to the provisions of the pension rules, the Central Government shall have the authority to establish distinctions among pensioners as a general principle. (2) Having regard to the recommendations of the Central Pay Commission, and subject to such norms, principles and method as may be determined by the Central Government, a distinction may be made or maintained amongst the pensioners, which may emanate from the accepted recommendations of the Central Pay Commissions, and in particular a distinction may be made on the basis of the date of retirement of a pensioner or the date of operationalisation of an accepted recommendation of a Central Pay Commission. (3) The Central Government may from time to time lay down such norms, principles and method in regard to acceptance of the recommendations of the Central Pay Commissions including, among other things, distinction among pensioners that may arise out of the acceptance of such recommendation and in particular pension claims and liabilities. (4) The norms, principles and method of pension revision, as per accepted recommendations of a particular Central Pay Commission, shall be effective from such date as may be determined by the Central Government and the benefit of such accepted recommendation shall not be given effect to from an earlier date. Validation. 150. Notwithstanding anything contrary contained in any judgment, decree or order of any court, tribunal or authority and notwithstanding anything contained in the pension rules,— (a) it is hereby clarified that the Central Government has the authority and shall always deemed to have had the authority, to classify its pensioners, and may create or maintain distinction amongst pensioners as deemed expedient for implementing the recommendations of the Central Pay Commissions under this Part; (b) it is also clarified that the date of retirement of pensioners shall be the basis of distinctions and for classification in regard to pension entitlement. THE FIRST SCHEDULE (See section 2) PART I INCOME-TAX Paragraph A (1) In the case of every individual other than the individual referred to in items (II) and (III) of this Paragraph or Hindu undivided family or association of persons or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, not being a case to which any other Paragraph of this Part applies,— Rates of income-tax (1) where the total income does not exceed Rs. 2,50,000 Nil; (2) where the total income exceeds Rs. 2,50,000 but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000 5 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 2,50,000; (3) where the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000 Rs.12,500 plus 20 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000; (4) where the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000 Rs. 1,12,500 plus 30 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs.10,00,000. (II) In the case of every individual, being a resident in India, who is of the age of sixty years or more but less than eighty years at any time during the previous year,— Rates of income-tax (1) where the total income does not exceed Rs. 3,00,000 Nil; (2) where the total income exceeds Rs. 3,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000 5 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 3,00,000; (3) where the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000 Rs.10,000 plus 20 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000; (4) where the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000 Rs. 1,10,000 plus 30 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs.10,00,000. (III) In the case of every individual, being a resident in India, who is of the age of eighty years or more at any time during the previous year,— Rates of income-tax (1) where the total income does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000 Nil; (2) where the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000 20 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000; (3) where the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000 Rs. 1,00,000 plus 30 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000. Surcharge on income-tax The amount of income-tax computed as per the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or 112 or 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union, calculated, in the case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, - (a) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding fifty lakh rupees but not exceeding one crore rupees, at the rate of ten per cent. of such income-tax; (b) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding one crore rupees, but not exceeding two crore rupees, at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax; (c) having a total income (excluding the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding two crore rupees but not exceeding five crore rupees, at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such income-tax; (d) having a total income (excluding the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding five crore rupees, at the rate of thirty-seven per cent. of such income-tax; and (e) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding two crore rupees but is not covered under clauses (c) and (d), at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in case where the total income includes any income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act, the rate of surcharge on the amount of Income-tax computed in respect of that part of income shall not exceed fifteen per cent.: Provided further that in case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, the rate of surcharge on the amount of income-tax shall not exceed fifteen per cent.: Provided also that in the case of persons mentioned above having total income exceeding, - (a) fifty lakh rupees but not exceeding one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of fifty lakh rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds fifty lakh rupees; (b) one crore rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees; (c) two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of two crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds two crore rupees; (d) five crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of five crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds five crore rupees. Paragraph B In the case of every co-operative society, - Rates of income-tax (1) where the total income does not exceed Rs.10,000 10 per cent. of the total income; (2) where the total income exceeds Rs.10,000 but does not exceed Rs. 20,000 Rs. 1,000 plus 20 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs.10,000; (3) where the total income exceeds Rs. 20,000 Rs. 3,000 plus 30 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 20,000. Surcharge on income-tax The amount of income-tax computed as per the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall, be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union, calculated in the case of every co-operative society,- (a) having a total income exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding ten crore rupees, at the rate of seven per cent. of such income-tax; (b) having a total income exceeding ten crore rupees, at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in the case of every co-operative society having total income exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided further that in the case of every co-operative society having total income exceeding ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of ten crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds ten crore rupees. Paragraph C In the case of every firm, - Rate of income-tax On the whole of the total income 30 per cent. Surcharge on income-tax The amount of income-tax computed as per the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall, in the case of every firm, having a total income exceeding one crore rupees, be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union calculated at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in the case of every firm mentioned above having total income exceeding one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees. Paragraph D In the case of every local authority,— Rate of income-tax On the whole of the total income 30 per cent. Surcharge on income-tax The amount of income-tax computed as per the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall, in the case of every local authority, having a total income exceeding one crore rupees, be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union calculated at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in the case of every local authority mentioned above having total income exceeding one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees. Paragraph E In the case of a company, - Rates of income-tax I. In the case of a domestic company,- (i) where its total turnover or the gross receipt in the previous year 2022-23 does not exceed four hundred crore rupees 25 per cent. of the total income; (ii) other than that referred to in item (i) 30 per cent. of the total income. II. In the case of a company other than a domestic company, — (i) on so much of the total income as consists of,- (a) royalties received from Government or an Indian concern in pursuance of an agreement made by it with the Government or the Indian concern after the 31st March, 1961 but before the 1st April, 1976; or (b) fees for rendering technical services received from Government or an Indian concern in pursuance of an agreement made by it with the Government or the Indian concern after the 29th February, 1964 but before the 1st April, 1976, and where such agreement has, in either case, been approved by the Central Government 50 per cent.; (ii) on the balance, if any, of the total income 35 per cent. Surcharge on income-tax The amount of income-tax computed as per the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall, be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union, calculated,- (i) in the case of every domestic company, - (a) having a total income exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding ten crore rupees, at the rate of seven per cent. of such income-tax; and (b) having a total income exceeding ten crore rupees, at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax; (ii) in the case of every company other than a domestic company, — (a) having a total income exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding ten crore rupees, at the rate of two per cent. of such income-tax; and (b) having a total income exceeding ten crore rupees, at the rate of five per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in the case of every company having a total income exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided further that in the case of every company having a total income exceeding ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of ten crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds ten crore rupees. PART II RATES FOR DEDUCTION OF TAX AT SOURCE IN CERTAIN CASES In every case in which under the provisions of sections 193, 194A, 194B, 194BA, 194BB, 194D, 194LBA, 194LBB, 194LBC and 195 of the Income-tax Act, tax is to be deducted at the rates in force, deduction shall be made from the income subject to the deduction at the following rates:- 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This is not the official English text of the document. The official English text is published by the light-line that appears at the top right of Page 1. Please provide the original PDF document for accurate extraction. If you cannot provide the PDF, I can only process the OCR output you provided. THE FIRST SCHEDULE (See section 2) PART I INCOME-TAX Paragraph A (1) In the case of every individual other than the individual referred to in items (II) and (III) of this Paragraph or Hindu undivided family or association of persons or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, not being a case to which any other Paragraph of this Part applies,— Rates of income-tax (1) where the total income does not exceed Rs. 2,50,000 Nil; (2) where the total income exceeds Rs. 2,50,000 but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000 5 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 2,50,000; (3) where the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000 Rs.12,500 plus 20 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000; (4) where the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000 Rs. 1,12,500 plus 30 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs.10,00,000. (II) In the case of every individual, being a resident in India, who is of the age of sixty years or more but less than eighty years at any time during the previous year,— Rates of income-tax (1) where the total income does not exceed Rs. 3,00,000 Nil; (2) where the total income exceeds Rs. 3,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000 5 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 3,00,000; (3) where the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000 Rs.10,000 plus 20 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000; (4) where the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000 Rs. 1,10,000 plus 30 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs.10,00,000. (III) In the case of every individual, being a resident in India, who is of the age of eighty years or more at any time during the previous year,— Rates of income-tax (1) where the total income does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000 Nil; (2) where the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000 but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000 20 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000; (3) where the total income exceeds Rs.10,00,000 Rs. 1,00,000 plus 30 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000. Surcharge on income-tax The amount of income-tax computed as per the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or 112 or 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union, calculated, in the case of every individual or Hindu undivided family or association of persons or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, or every artificial juridical person referred to in sub-clause (vii) of clause (31) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, - (a) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding fifty lakh rupees but not exceeding one crore rupees, at the rate of ten per cent. of such income-tax; (b) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding one crore rupees, but not exceeding two crore rupees, at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax; (c) having a total income (excluding the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding two crore rupees but not exceeding five crore rupees, at the rate of twenty-five per cent. of such income-tax; (d) having a total income (excluding the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding five crore rupees, at the rate of thirty-seven per cent. of such income-tax; and (e) having a total income (including the income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act) exceeding two crore rupees but is not covered under clauses (c) and (d), at the rate of fifteen per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in case where the total income includes any income by way of dividend or income under the provisions of sections 111A, 112 and 112A of the Income-tax Act, the rate of surcharge on the amount of Income-tax computed in respect of that part of income shall not exceed fifteen per cent.: Provided further that in case of an association of persons consisting of only companies as its members, the rate of surcharge on the amount of income-tax shall not exceed fifteen per cent.: Provided also that in the case of persons mentioned above having total income exceeding, - (a) fifty lakh rupees but not exceeding one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of fifty lakh rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds fifty lakh rupees; (b) one crore rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees; (c) two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of two crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds two crore rupees; (d) five crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of five crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds five crore rupees. Paragraph B In the case of every co-operative society,— Rates of income-tax (1) where the total income does not exceed Rs.10,000 10 per cent. of the total income; (2) where the total income exceeds Rs.10,000 but does not exceed Rs. 20,000 Rs. 1,000 plus 20 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 10,000; (3) where the total income exceeds Rs. 20,000 Rs. 3,000 plus 30 per cent. of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 20,000. Surcharge on income-tax The amount of income-tax computed as per the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall, be increased by a surcharge for the purpose of the Union, calculated in the case of every co-operative society, - (a) having a total income exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding ten crore rupees, at the rate of seven per cent. of such income-tax; (b) having a total income exceeding ten crore rupees, at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in the case of every co-operative society having total income exceeding one crore rupees but not exceeding ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees: Provided further that in the case of every co-operative society having total income exceeding ten crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on a total income of ten crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds ten crore rupees. Paragraph C In the case of every firm,- Rate of income-tax On the whole of the total income 30 per cent. Surcharge on income-tax The amount of income-tax computed in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall, in the case of every firm, having a total income exceeding one crore rupees, be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union calculated at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in the case of every firm mentioned above having total income exceeding one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees. Paragraph D In the case of every local authority,- On the whole of the total income Rate of income-tax Surcharge on income-tax 30 per cent. The amount of income-tax computed in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Paragraph, or the provisions of section 111A or section 112 or section 112A of the Income-tax Act, shall, in the case of every local authority, having a total income exceeding one crore rupees, be increased by a surcharge for the purposes of the Union calculated at the rate of twelve per cent. of such income-tax: Provided that in the case of every local authority mentioned above having total income exceeding one crore rupees, the total amount payable as income-tax and surcharge on such income shall not exceed the total amount payable as income-tax on a total income of one crore rupees by more than the amount of income that exceeds one crore rupees. Paragraph E In the case of a company, — Rates of income-tax (1) In the case of a domestic company,- (i) where its total turnover or the gross receipt in the previous year 2023-2024 does not exceed four hundred crore rupees; 25 per cent. of the total income; (ii) other than that referred to in item (i) 30 per cent. of the total income. (II) In the case of a company other than a domestic company,— (i) on so much of the total income as consists of,- (a) royalties received from Government or an Indian concern in pursuance of an agreement made by it with the Government or the Indian concern after the 31st day of March, 1961 but before the 1st day of April, 1976; or (b)

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