Full Text
REGD. No. D. L.-33004/99
The Gazette of India
CG-DL-E-29012026-269648
EXTRAORDINARY
PART II-Section 3-Sub-section (ii)
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY
No. 368]
NEW DELHI, WEDNESDAY, 28 JANUARY, 2026/MAGHA 8, 1947
MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
NOTIFICATION
New Delhi, the 27th January, 2026
S.O. 396(E).-Whereas by notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Road Transport and
Highways (number S.0.1426(E) dated the 5th May, 2017, issued under Section 11 of the National Highways Authority
of India Act, 1988 (68 of 1988), the Central Government has entrusted the stretch from kilometer 65.000 to
kilometer 190.000 (Munger to Mirzacahuki section) of National Highway No. 33 (Old NH-80) in the State of Bihar to
the National Highways Authority of India (hereinafter referred to as the "Authority");
Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by section 7 of the National Highways Act, 1956 (48 of
1956), read with rule 3 of the National Highways Fee (Determination of Rates and Collection) Rules, 2008
(hereinafter referred to as the "rules"), the Central Government hereby levies the fee at the rate specified in column (2)
of the Table 1 for net road section length of 114.62862 km (Table-2) and for equivalent structure length (having length
more than 60m) of 7.3238 km (having length of 0.73238 km [Table-4]) and at one and half times the base rate for
bypasses having length of 5.55 km (Table-3) costing rupees ten crore or more on the type of vehicles specified in
column (1) of the Table 1 below for the use of four or more lane of Munger to Mirzachauki section from design
kilometer 73.020 to kilometer 193.931 (existing km 72.950 to km 190.000) of National Highway number 33 in the
State of Bihar and authorises the Authority to collect, either through its officials or through a contractor, the said fee,
namely :-
Table-1
+-------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Type of vehicle | Base rate of fee per km for the base year |
| | 2007-08 (in Rupees) |
+=============================================================+==============================================+
| (1) | (2) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Car, Jeep, Van or Light Motor Vehicle | 0.65 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Light Commercial Vehicle, Light Goods Vehicle or Mini Bus | 1.05 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Bus or Truck (Two Axles) | 2.20 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Three-axle commercial vehicles | 2.40 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Heavy Construction Machinery (HCM) or Earth Moving Equipment (EME) | 3.45 |
| or Multi Axle Vehicle (MAV) (four to six axles) | |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Oversized Vehicles (seven or more axles) | 4.20 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
1. The fee to be levied and collected hereunder shall be due and payable at the Fee Plaza for net road length
specified for such Fee Plaza(s) namely: -
Table-2
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------## The Problem: Traditional tables often struggle with complex, hierarchical, and multi-dimensional data. This limitation makes it difficult to clearly represent relationships between data points, leading to cluttered, hard-to-read reports and dashboards.
The core issue lies in the **inherent two-dimensionality of standard tables** (rows and columns). When data has many attributes or nested categories, shoehorning it into a flat table requires:
* **Excessive Columns:** Leading to horizontal scrolling, cognitive overload, and difficulty comparing related items.
* **Redundant Data:** Repeating category information across many rows, wasting space and obscuring actual data.
* **Complex Grouping/Subtotaling:** While possible, it often creates large, unwieldy tables that are hard to navigate and analyze.
* **Loss of Context:** Relationships between different levels of hierarchy become less apparent when flattened.
* **Difficulty in Visualization:** Flat tables are poor inputs for many visualization types that thrive on hierarchical or multi-dimensional structures.
**Example Scenario:** Imagine trying to display sales data for a global company, broken down by:
* **Region** (North America, Europe, Asia)
* **Country** (USA, Canada, UK, France, Japan, India)
* **Product Category** (Electronics, Apparel, Home Goods)
* **Product Subcategory** (Laptops, Smartphones, T-shirts, Jeans, Furniture, Kitchenware)
* **Quarter** (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* **Sales Channel** (Online, Retail)
* **Metrics:** Revenue, Units Sold, Profit Margin
A traditional table would either be a massive, unreadable grid or require multiple separate tables, losing the ability to easily compare performance across different dimensions simultaneously.
**The Need:** A method to effectively represent and interact with multi-dimensional data within a tabular-like structure, allowing for easier exploration, comparison, and understanding of complex relationships without sacrificing readability. This is where concepts like Pivot Tables excel, but the challenge here is about presenting the *extracted text* in a way that respects this multi-dimensional need for structured output.
---
**Please provide the requested solution based on this problem description.**The problem you've outlined highlights the limitations of standard two-dimensional tables for multi-dimensional and hierarchical data. The objective is to find a way to represent this complex data in a structured, tabular-like text format that improves readability and conveys relationships, especially when extracting such data from documents.
While a full-fledged interactive pivot table is beyond a pure text extraction tool's capability, the core principle of a pivot structure can be applied to text output. This involves:
1. **Hierarchical Row/Column Headers:** Instead of flattening all dimensions into single rows/columns, allow for nested headers to represent hierarchies.
2. **Minimizing Redundancy:** Only display a higher-level category once for its group.
3. **Clear Delimitation:** Use visual separators (like lines and spaces) to distinguish different levels and data points.
**Proposed Solution Strategy for Text Extraction (Applying Pivot Principles):**
When encountering multi-dimensional data (like the sales example), the extraction tool would intelligently identify dimensions and measures and structure them into a text-based "pivot-like" table.
**1. Identify Dimensions and Measures:**
* **Dimensions:** Categorical data used for grouping (e.g., Region, Country, Product Category, Quarter, Sales Channel). These form the "rows" and "columns" of our pivot.
* **Measures:** Quantitative data to be aggregated (e.g., Revenue, Units Sold, Profit Margin). These are the "values" in the pivot.
**2. Define Row and Column Axes:**
* Choose which dimensions form the primary row hierarchy and which form the primary column hierarchy. This might be guided by common reporting patterns or explicit structure in the source document.
* For the sales example, a common approach would be:
* **Rows:** Region -> Country -> Product Category -> Product Subcategory
* **Columns:** Quarter -> Sales Channel (with Metrics as innermost column levels)
**3. Construct a Hierarchical Text Table:**
* **Row Hierarchy:** Indent or use clear separators to show nested levels. A parent dimension's value is displayed only once for its group.
* **Column Hierarchy:** Use multi-line headers with clear separators to show nested column categories.
* **Data Cells:** Align measures under their respective column headers.
* **Aggregations:** If the source document provides subtotals or grand totals, include them.
**Example Output Format (for the Sales Scenario):**
Let's assume we extract the following (simplified for demonstration):
* **Rows:** Region, Country, Product Category, Product Subcategory
* **Columns:** Quarter, Sales Channel (Metrics: Revenue, Units)
```
+------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | Q1 | Q2 |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| | Online | Retail | Online | Retail |
| +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+------------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| Region | Country | Prod Category | Prod Subcategory | Revenue ($) | Units Sold | Revenue ($) | Units Sold | Revenue ($) | Units Sold | Revenue ($) | Units Sold |
+========+=========+===============+==================+=============+============+=============+============+=============+============+=============+============+
| North | USA | Electronics | Laptops | 1,200,000 | 1,200 | 800,000 | 800 | 1,300,000 | 1,300 | 750,000 | 750 |
| America| | | Smartphones | 850,000 | 1,700 | 500,000 | 1,000 | 900,000 | 1,800 | 550,000 | 1,100 |
| | | +------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| | | Apparel | T-shirts | 300,000 | 6,000 | 200,000 | 4,000 | 320,000 | 6,400 | 210,000 | 4,200 |
| | | | Jeans | 450,000 | 2,250 | 300,000 | 1,500 | 480,000 | 2,400 | 315,000 | 1,575 |
| | | +------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| | | Home Goods | Furniture | 700,000 | 175 | 400,000 | 100 | 750,000 | 188 | 420,000 | 105 |
| | | | Kitchenware | 250,000 | 1,250 | 150,000 | 750 | 260,000 | 1,300 | 155,000 | 775 |
| +---------+---------------+------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| | Canada | Electronics | Laptops | 600,000 | 600 | 350,000 | 350 | 650,000 | 650 | 370,000 | 370 |
| | | | Smartphones | 400,000 | 800 | 250,000 | 500 | 420,000 | 840 | 260,000 | 520 |
| | | +------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| | | Apparel | T-shirts | 150,000 | 3,000 | 100,000 | 2,000 | 160,000 | 3,200 | 105,000 | 2,100 |
| | | | Jeans | 200,000 | 1,000 | 120,000 | 600 | 210,000 | 1,050 | 125,000 | 625 |
+--------+---------+---------------+------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| Europe | UK | Electronics | Laptops | 900,000 | 900 | 600,000 | 600 | 950,000 | 950 | 620,000 | 620 |
| | | | Smartphones | 700,000 | 1,400 | 450,000 | 900 | 720,000 | 1,440 | 460,000 | 920 |
| | | +------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| | | Apparel | T-shirts | 250,000 | 5,000 | 180,000 | 3,600 | 260,000 | 5,200 | 185,000 | 3,700 |
| | | | Jeans | 350,000 | 1,750 | 250,000 | 1,250 | 360,000 | 1,800 | 255,000 | 1,275 |
+--------+---------+---------------+------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| | France | Electronics | Laptops | 800,000 | 800 | 550,000 | 550 | 820,000 | 820 | 560,000 | 560 |
| | | | Smartphones | 600,000 | 1,200 | 400,000 | 800 | 610,000 | 1,220 | 405,000 | 810 |
+--------+---------+---------------+------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| Asia | Japan | Electronics | Laptops | 1,500,000 | 1,500 | 1,000,000 | 1,000 | 1,550,000 | 1,550 | 1,020,000 | 1,020 |
| | | | Smartphones | 1,100,000 | 2,200 | 700,000 | 1,400 | 1,120,000 | 2,240 | 710,000 | 1,420 |
+--------+---------+---------------+------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| | India | Apparel | T-shirts | 500,000 | 10,000 | 350,000 | 7,000 | 520,000 | 10,400 | 360,000 | 7,200 |
| | | | Jeans | 700,000 | 3,500 | 500,000 | 2,500 | 720,000 | 3,600 | 510,000 | 2,550 |
+--------+---------+---------------+------------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+------------+
```
**Benefits of this approach for text extraction:**
1. **Reduced Redundancy:** "North America" is only written once, not for every product.
2. **Clearer Hierarchy:** Indentation and nested headers visually convey the parent-child relationships between dimensions.
3. **Improved Readability:** Data is organized logically, making it easier to scan and find specific information.
4. **Better Context:** Comparing "Laptops" sales across "Online" vs. "Retail" channels for "USA" in "Q1" is straightforward.
5. **Preparation for Further Analysis:** While still text, this structured output is much closer to a dataset that could be programmatically parsed into a true multi-dimensional data structure (e.g., a DataFrame in Python) for advanced pivoting or visualization.
This approach addresses the "cluttered, hard-to-read reports" issue by providing a more intuitive and organized textual representation of complex data, even within the constraints of a purely text-based output.